Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34441749›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2021

Risk of Endometrial Cancer in Women with Diabetes: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.

Lina Zabuliene, Augustė Kaceniene, Laura Steponaviciene, Donata Linkeviciute-Ulinskiene, Rimantas Stukas, Rokas Arlauskas, Rasa Vanseviciute-Petkeviciene, Giedre Smailyte

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 35% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
  3. Diabetes, Obesity, and Endometrial Cancer: A Review.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Lina ZabulieneInstitute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Ciurlionio g. 21, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania.
Augustė KacenieneLaboratory of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Institute, P. Baublio g. 3b, 08406 Vilnius, Lithuania.
Laura SteponavicieneConsultative Polyclinic Department, National Cancer Institute, Santariskių Str. 1, 08660 Vilnius, Lithuania.
Donata Linkeviciute-UlinskieneInstitute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Ciurlionio g. 21, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania.ORCID 0000-0003-1168-2003
Rimantas StukasInstitute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Ciurlionio g. 21, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania.
Rokas ArlauskasInstitute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Ciurlionio g. 21, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania.
Rasa Vanseviciute-PetkevicieneConsultative Polyclinic Department, National Cancer Institute, Santariskių Str. 1, 08660 Vilnius, Lithuania.
Giedre SmailyteLaboratory of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Institute, P. Baublio g. 3b, 08406 Vilnius, Lithuania.ORCID 0000-0001-8365-543X
Vilnius University · LTNational Cancer Institute · LT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the association between type 2 diabetes (T2DM), use of glucose-lowering medications and endometrial cancer (EC) risk.

methodsThe risk of EC incidence among women with T2DM in Lithuania was assessed using a retrospective cohort study design. Female patients who were registered with T2DM between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2012 were identified in the National Health Insurance Fund database. EC cases (ICD-10 code C54) were identified from the Lithuanian Cancer Registry. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated by dividing the observed numbers of EC among patients with T2DM by the expected number of EC, calculated using national rates.

resultsA total of 77,708 diabetic women were included in the analysis, and 995 cases of EC were identified. A significantly increased EC risk in diabetic women was found as compared to the general population (SIR = 1.69, 95% CI 1.59-1.80). The greatest EC risk was found among younger patients at T2DM diagnosis, and the risk declined gradually with increasing age but persisted in being significantly increased among all age groups. The risk for EC increased with increasing duration of diabetes, and the highest EC risk was observed more than 10 years after T2DM diagnosis. A significantly higher EC risk than expected from the general population was found in all patient groups by glucose-lowering medication combinations. The lowest EC risk was observed in diabetic women who were users of "oral only" (without metformin) (SIR = 1.42, 95% CI 1.10-1.83) and "metformin only" (SIR = 1.69, 95% CI 1.49-1.92) medications. A two times greater EC risk was observed among the remaining glucose-lowering medication categories. In contrast, use of insulin only was not related to a higher EC incidence risk (SIR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.23-0.86); however, the risk estimation was based on nine cases.

conclusionsOur study shows a significantly increased EC risk in diabetic women as compared to the general population. In this study, a significantly higher EC risk was found in all patient groups by glucose-lowering medication combinations, except for insulin only users.

Indexed as

cancer riskcohort studyendometrial cancerglucose-lowering medicationtype 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID34441749
PMCPMC8397032
OpenAlexW3188858729

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.