SynthesisNutrients2021
Salt Reduction Initiatives in the Eastern Mediterranean Region and Evaluation of Progress towards the 2025 Global Target: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Nutrients, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- National Heart Center/Saudi Heart Association 2025 Guidelines for Cardiovascular Diseases Prevention and Risk Assessment.Saudi medical journal · 2026Guideline
- Systematic Review of Social Marketing as a Behavior Change Agent in Salt Reduction.Global heart · 2025Pooled it
- Overview of hypertension in Saudi Arabia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Saudi medical journal · 2023Pooled it
- Sugar Reduction Initiatives in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Exploring Salt Reduction Strategies: Navigating Policy Implementation in the Middle East.Food science & nutrition · 2026Review
- Applying the extended health belief model to understand salt-reduction behaviors among Saudi adults: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- The Impact of Unhealthy Lifestyle on the Burden of Non-Communicable Diseases in the State of Qatar: A Systematic Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.American journal of lifestyle medicine · 2025Article
- A national multisectoral commission: Contours and Contributions to the Population Health Development.Health policy OPEN · 2025Article
- Burden of High Systolic Blood Pressure in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 1990 to 2021: Results From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to dietary salt among older adults in Abha, Saudi Arabia.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2024Article
- Multisectoral action to address noncommunicable diseases: lessons from three country case studies.Frontiers in public health · 2024Review
- Association between Dietary Patterns and Cognitive Function among Qatari Adults: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Qatar Biobank Study.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Nutrition Profile for Countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region with Different Income Levels: An Analytical Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Unhealthy Dietary Habits and Obesity: The Major Risk Factors Beyond Non-Communicable Diseases in the Eastern Mediterranean Region.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Review
- Using Digital Platform Approach to Reduce Salt Intake in a Sample of UAE Population: An Intervention Study.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Determination of salt content in traditional and industrial Moroccan white bread by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.The Pan African medical journal · 2022Article
- The Sweet and Salty Dietary Face of Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease in Lebanon.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Review
- Shifting to a Sustainable Dietary Pattern in Iranian Population: Current Evidence and Future Directions.Frontiers in nutrition · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This study aims at identifying national salt reduction initiatives in countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region and describing their progress towards the global salt reduction target. A systematic review of published and grey literature was conducted. Key characteristics of strategies were extracted and classified according to a pre-defined framework: salt intake assessments; leadership and strategic approach; implementation strategies; monitoring and evaluation of program impact. Salt intake levels were estimated in 15 out of the 22 countries (68%), while national salt reduction initiatives were identified in 13 (59%). The majority of countries were found to implement multifaceted reduction interventions, characterized by a combination of two or more implementation strategies. The least common implementation strategy was taxation, while the most common was reformulation (100%), followed by consumer education (77%), initiatives in specific settings (54%), and front of pack labelling (46%). Monitoring activities were conducted by few countries (27%), while impact evaluations were lacking. Despite the ongoing salt reduction efforts in several countries of the region, more action is needed to initiate reduction programs in countries that are lagging behind, and to ensure rigorous implementation and evaluations of ongoing programs. Such efforts are vital for the achievement of the targeted 30% reduction in salt intake.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.