Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34454352›Full record

ReviewCurrent opinion in virology2021

Interfering with SARS-CoV-2: are interferons friends or foes in COVID-19?

Ivan Zanoni

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Current opinion in virology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.7field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Defective RNA Polymerase III sensing of mitochondrial DNA in pulmonary epithelial cells impairs type I IFN immunity to SARS-CoV-2.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Distinct Responses of Cystic Fibrosis Epithelial Cells to SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A Virus.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Interferon antagonists encoded by SARS-CoV-2 at a glance.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2023
    Review
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.

Ivan ZanoniHarvard Medical School, and Division of Immunology, Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, United States. Electronic address: ivan.zanoni@childrens.harvard.edu.
Boston Children's Hospital · US

Funding

Type III interferon Control of Mucosal ImmunityR01DK115217 · NIDDK · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI Scott B Snapper, Ivan Zanoni · 2017 to 2026
$5.6M
Innate control of the inflammatory process during fungal infectionsR01AI121066 · NIAID · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI ZANONI, IVAN · 2016 to 2025
$4.8M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI121066NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK115217
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Type I and type III interferons are among the most potent anti-viral cytokines produced by the immune system. The recent outbreak of SARS-CoV-2, which causes COVID-19, underscores the vital role of these cytokines in controlling the virus and dictating disease severity. Here we delineate the pathways that lead to interferon production in response to SARS-CoV-2 encounter, and elucidate how this virus hinders the production and action of these cytokines; we also highlight that these interferon families serve protective as well as detrimental roles in patients with COVID-19, and conclude that a better understanding of the time, dose, localization, and activity of specific members of the interferon families is imperative for designing more efficient therapeutic interventions against this disease.

Indexed as

SARS-CoV-2COVID-19COVID-19 Drug TreatmentHumansInterferonsInterferons

Identifiers

PMID34454352
PMCPMC8367741
OpenAlexW3194724512

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.