Evidence mapPaperPMID 34459238Full record

SynthesisJournal of the American Heart Association2021

Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter Inhibitors and Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Arjun K Pandey, Iva Okaj, Hargun Kaur, Emilie P Belley-Cote, Jia Wang, Alireza Oraii, Alexander P Benz, Linda S B Johnson, Jack Young, Jorge A Wong and 5 more

Open access · goldAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
68citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
12.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

68 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 127 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Trial
  8. Trial
  9. Understanding the Diseased Atria.Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. 2024 Thai guidelines on the treatment of hypertension.Asian biomedicine : research, reviews and news · 2025
    Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Review

8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Arjun K PandeyMichael G. DeGroote School of Medicine McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-5529-3857
Iva OkajMichael G. DeGroote School of Medicine McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-8292-9080
Hargun KaurFaculty of Health Sciences McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-6713-9336
Emilie P Belley-CoteDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada.
Jia WangPopulation Health Research Institute Hamilton Ontario Canada.
Alireza OraiiTehran Heart CenterTehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran.ORCID 0000-0002-2422-2930
Alexander P BenzPopulation Health Research Institute Hamilton Ontario Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-2555-1266
Linda S B JohnsonDepartment of Clinical Sciences Lund University Lund Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-2249-8220
Jack YoungFaculty of Health Sciences McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-4626-0409
Jorge A WongPopulation Health Research Institute Hamilton Ontario Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-2527-8936
Subodh VermaDivision of Cardiac Surgery St Michael's Hospital University of Toronto Ontario Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-4018-8533
David ConenFaculty of Health Sciences McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-2459-5251
Hertzel GersteinFaculty of Health Sciences McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada.
Jeff S HealeyPopulation Health Research Institute Hamilton Ontario Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-1216-7580
William F McIntyreDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-6082-7542
Population Health Research Institute · CAMcMaster University · CALund University · SESt. Michael's Hospital · CATehran University of Medical Sciences · IR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background Sodium-glucose co-transporter (SGLT) inhibitors reduce cardiovascular outcomes including mortality in several populations; however, their effect on atrial fibrillation/flutter (AF) remains unclear. Our objective was to determine whether SGLT inhibitors reduce AF and whether a history of AF modifies the effect of SGLT inhibitors on the composite of heart failure hospitalization or cardiovascular death. Methods and Results We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL to March 2021. Pairs of reviewers identified randomized controlled trials that compared an SGLT inhibitor with placebo or no therapy. We pooled data using RevMan 5.4.1, assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane tool, and determined the overall quality of evidence using Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation. Thirty-one eligible trials reported on AF events (75 279 participants, mean age 62 years, 35.0% women). Moderate quality evidence supported a lower risk of serious AF events with SGLT inhibitors (1.1% versus 1.5%; risk ratio 0.75 [95% CI, 0.66-0.86]; I

Indexed as

Atrial FibrillationAtrial FlutterSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsAgedFemaleHeart FailureHumansMaleMiddle AgedRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitorsatrial fibrillationatrial fluttergliflozinsSGLT inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID34459238
PMCPMC8649253
OpenAlexW3197198596

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.