ArticleThe journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences2022
Pathways From Early-Life SES to Dementia Risk in Old Age: The Role of Personality.
Article in The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuroticism facets and mortality risk in adulthood: A systematic review and narrative synthesis.Journal of psychosomatic research · 2023Pooled it
- Personality as mechanism: An integrative model of five-factor model personality traits as a mechanism between earlier life factors and cognitive aging.Current opinion in psychology · 2025Review
- Down syndrome in Africa: Challenges, opportunities, and future directions.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- The relationship between vitamin D levels and Alzheimer's disease risk: insights from a centenarian study of Chinese women.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Life Events and Incident Dementia: A Prospective Study of 493,787 Individuals Over 16 Years.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2024Article
- How Modifiable Are Modifiable Dementia Risk Factors? A Framework for Considering the Modifiability of Dementia Risk Factors.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2024Review
- Frailty, cognitive impairment, and depressive symptoms in Chinese older adults: an eight-year multi-trajectory analysis.BMC geriatrics · 2023Article
- Are trajectories of personality and socioeconomic factors prospectively associated with midlife cognitive function? Findings from a 12-year longitudinal study of Mexican-origin adults.Psychology and aging · 2023Article
- Childhood socio-economic circumstances and dementia: prospective register-based cohort study of adulthood socio-economic and cardiovascular health mediators.International journal of epidemiology · 2023Article
- Personality traits at age 16 and risk of metabolic syndrome at age 46.Journal of psychosomatic research · 2022Article
- Self-Acceptance and Purpose in Life Are Mechanisms Linking Adverse Childhood Experiences to Mortality Risk.Psychosomatic medicineArticle
- IQ in Adolescence and Cognition over 50 years later: The Mediating Role of Adult Personality.IntelligenceArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThis study investigates the association between childhood socioeconomic status (cSES) and risk of cognitive impairment in older adulthood, and whether the Five-Factor Model personality traits mediated this association.
methodsA sample of 9,995 participants (mean age = 67.01 years) from the Health and Retirement Study were followed up every 2 years from 2006 to 2018. cSES was tested as a predictor of risk of dementia and risk of cognitive impairment not dementia (CIND). Personality was tested as a mediator of these associations. Models were adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, race, education, and baseline year.
resultsAlthough effect sizes were modest, results indicated that lower cSES was associated with a higher risk of dementia (hazard ratio = 0.88 [0.775-0.985]). Higher cSES was also associated with higher conscientiousness and lower neuroticism. Conscientiousness and neuroticism each accounted for 7.9% of the total effect of cSES on dementia. Results were similar for CIND. DISCUSSION: Early childhood socioeconomic factors may contribute to cognitive impairment in older adulthood, an association mediated, in part, through adult personality traits.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.