Trial reportDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2021
Efficacy and safety of liraglutide in type 1 diabetes by baseline characteristics in the ADJUNCT ONE and ADJUNCT TWO randomized controlled trials.
Trial report in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists as add-on therapy to insulin for type 1 diabetes mellitus.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- Subcutaneous weekly semaglutide with automated insulin delivery in type 1 diabetes: a double-blind, randomized, crossover trial.Nature medicine · 2025 · on this mapTrial
- Efficacy and safety of liraglutide in type 1 diabetes by baseline characteristics in the ADJUNCT ONE and ADJUNCT TWO randomized controlled trials.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2021Trial
- Article
- Metabolic dysfunction and the use of adjunct medications in type 1 diabetes.Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity · 2026Review
- Case Report: Latent autoimmune diabetes in two young female patients successfully treated with oral semaglutide and basal insulin.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Dulaglutide as a Bridging Therapy Before Insulin for Diabetes Following Pancreatectomy on Congenital Hyperinsulinism.JCEM case reports · 2026Article
- The role of GLP1 receptor agonists in adult-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2025Article
- Incretin-Based Adjunct to Background Insulin Treatment for Managing Body Weight Excess in Type 1 Diabetes: An Expert Opinion Viewpoint From the Italian Association of Clinical Endocrinologists.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2025Review
- Efficacy and safety of incretin co-agonists: Transformative advances in cardiometabolic healthcare.World journal of cardiology · 2025Review
- Combining SGLT2is, GLP1-RAs and nsMRAs in Diabetes: A Scoping Review of Current and Future Perspectives.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025Review
- Advances in Regulatory Cell Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes: Emerging Strategies and Future Directions.European journal of immunology · 2025Review
- Metabolic interventions as adjunctive therapies to insulin in type 1 diabetes: Current clinical landscape and perspectives.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Review
- Intestinal glucagon-like peptide-1: A new regulator of impaired counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes mellitus.World journal of diabetes · 2025Article
- Pre-Type 1 Diabetes in Adolescents and Teens: Screening, Nutritional Interventions, Beta-Cell Preservation, and Psychosocial Impacts.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Dysfunctional β-cell autophagy induces β-cell stress and enhances islet immunogenicity.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Use of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists for the Management of Type 1 Diabetes: A Pediatric Perspective.Hormone research in paediatrics · 2025Review
- Mechanistic Pathways and Clinical Implications of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Type 1 Diabetes Management.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Rapid Improvement in Weight, Body Composition, and Glucose Variability With Semaglutide in Type 1 Diabetes.Cureus · 2024Article
- The emergence of obesity in type 1 diabetes.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedCorrigendum.2022
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimTo evaluate 26 weeks of liraglutide treatment in type 1 diabetes (T1D) by subgroups in the ADJUNCT ONE and ADJUNCT TWO trials. MATERIALS AND
methodsADJUNCT ONE and ADJUNCT TWO were randomized controlled phase 3 trials in 1398 and 835 participants with T1D treated with liraglutide (1.8, 1.2, or 0.6 mg) or placebo (adjuncts to insulin). This post hoc analysis evaluated treatment effects by subgroups: HbA1c (< or ≥8.5%), body mass index (BMI; < or ≥27 kg/m
resultsIn both trials at week 26, reductions in HbA1c, body weight, and daily insulin dose did not differ significantly (P > .05) by baseline HbA1c or BMI. Risk of clinically significant hypoglycaemia or hyperglycaemia with ketosis did not differ significantly (P > .05) by baseline HbA1c, BMI, or insulin regimen. At week 26 in ADJUNCT ONE, these risks did not differ (P > .05) between treatment groups. Placebo-adjusted reductions in HbA1c, body weight, and insulin dose (-0.30%-points, -5.0 kg, and -12%, respectively, with liraglutide 1.8 mg), were significant (P < .05), greater than at week 52, and similar to those in ADJUNCT TWO (-0.35%, -4.8 kg, and -10%, respectively, with liraglutide 1.8 mg).
conclusionsIn ADJUNCT ONE and ADJUNCT TWO, the efficacy and glycaemic safety of liraglutide did not depend on subgroups, leaving residual beta-cell function as the only identified variable impacting the effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) in T1D. These findings support a role for GLP-1 RAs as adjuncts to insulin in T1D, warranting further study.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.