Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34471282›Full record

ReviewNature reviews. Neuroscience2021

Riding the crest to get a head: neural crest evolution in vertebrates.

Megan L Martik, Marianne E Bronner

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Nature reviews. Neuroscience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
69citing papers in PubMed
5.6field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

69 citing papers in PubMed, 105 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
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  7. Review
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  9. The molecular evolution of vertebrate organs.Nature ecology & evolution · 2026
    Review
  10. Article
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  19. HemaSphere · 2026
    Article
  20. Article

9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Megan L MartikBiology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
Marianne E BronnerBiology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA. mbronner@caltech.edu.
California Institute of Technology · US

Funding

Progressive acquisition of novel neural crest derivatives along the neural axis during vertebrate evolutionR35NS111564 · NINDS · CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI Marianne Bronner · 2019 to 2026
$5.0M
Investigating the contributions of neural crest to adult regenerationR00HD100587 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI MARTIK, MEGAN LEE · 2021 to 2023
$747k
Investigating the contributions of neural crest to adult regenerationK99HD100587 · NICHD · CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI MARTIK, MEGAN LEE · 2020 to 2020
$124k
NICHD NIH HHS K99 HD100587NICHD NIH HHS R00 HD100587NINDS NIH HHS R35 NS111564
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In their seminal 1983 paper, Gans and Northcutt proposed that evolution of the vertebrate 'new head' was made possible by the advent of the neural crest and cranial placodes. The neural crest is a stem cell population that arises adjacent to the forming CNS and contributes to important cell types, including components of the peripheral nervous system and craniofacial skeleton and elements of the cardiovascular system. In the past few years, the new head hypothesis has been challenged by the discovery in invertebrate chordates of cells with some, but not all, characteristics of vertebrate neural crest cells. Here, we discuss recent findings regarding how neural crest cells may have evolved during the course of deuterostome evolution. The results suggest that there was progressive addition of cell types to the repertoire of neural crest derivatives throughout vertebrate evolution. Novel genomic tools have enabled higher resolution insight into neural crest evolution, from both a cellular and a gene regulatory perspective. Together, these data provide clues regarding the ancestral neural crest state and how the neural crest continues to evolve to contribute to the success of vertebrates as efficient predators.

Indexed as

Biological EvolutionAnimalsGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalHumansNeural CrestSkullVertebrates

Identifiers

PMID34471282
PMCPMC10168595
OpenAlexW3196743603

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.