ArticleFrontiers in immunology2021
Immune Checkpoints Expression in Chronic Lung Allograft Rejection.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06302556 (The Role of Immune Checkpoints in Lung Transplant), which is not on this map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Role of Immune Checkpoints in Lung Transplant: the Pathways of Rejection and the Immunomodulatory Therapeutic Perspectives
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Soluble Immune Checkpoints and Anti-HLA Antibodies in Kidney Transplant Recipients: Associations With Kidney Function.Immunology · 2026Article
- Regulatory T cell therapy in solid organ transplantation: mechanisms, translational progress, and remaining barriers.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The Myeloid-T Lymphocyte Axis in Chronic Lung Allograft Rejection: Emerging Insights into the Immune Circuitry Driving Fibrosis.Results and problems in cell differentiation · 2026Review
- Regulation of immune checkpoints by electronic cigarette.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Chromatin remodeling restrains oncogenic functions in prostate cancer.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Article
- Regulatory mechanisms of PD-1/PD-L1 in cancers.Molecular cancer · 2024Review
- Nivolumab + Tacrolimus + Prednisone ± Ipilimumab for Kidney Transplant Recipients With Advanced Cutaneous Cancers.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2024Article
- Unique Changes in the Lung Microbiome following the Development of Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Immunopathology of lung transplantation: from infection to rejection and vice versa.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Cutaneous Exposure to Arsenicals Is Associated with Development of Constrictive Bronchiolitis in Mice.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2023Article
- Markers of Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome after Lung Transplant: Between Old Knowledge and Future Perspective.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- PD-1 expression in transbronchial biopsies of lung transplant recipients is a possible early predictor of rejection.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) is the main cause of poor survival and low quality of life of lung transplanted patients. Several studies have addressed the role of dendritic cells, macrophages, T cells, donor specific as well as anti-HLA antibodies, and interleukins in CLAD, but the expression and function of immune checkpoint molecules has not yet been analyzed, especially in the two CLAD subtypes: BOS (bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome) and RAS (restrictive allograft syndrome). To shed light on this topic, we conducted an observational study on eight consecutive grafts explanted from patients who received lung re-transplantation for CLAD. The expression of a panel of immune molecules (PD1/CD279, PDL1/CD274, CTLA4/CD152, CD4, CD8, hFoxp3, TIGIT, TOX, B-Cell-Specific Activator Protein) was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in these grafts and in six control lungs. Results showed that RAS compared to BOS grafts were characterized by 1) the inversion of the CD4/CD8 ratio; 2) a higher percentage of T lymphocytes expressing the PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA4 checkpoint molecules; and 3) a significant reduction of exhausted PD-1-expressing T lymphocytes (PD-1
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.