Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34490029›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in genetics2021

Immune-Related Genes Are Prognostic Markers for Prostate Cancer Recurrence.

Min Fu, Qiang Wang, Hanbo Wang, Yun Dai, Jin Wang, Weiting Kang, Zilian Cui, Xunbo Jin

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in genetics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Min FuDepartment of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
Qiang WangDepartment of Human Resources, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
Hanbo WangDepartment of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
Yun DaiDepartment of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
Jin WangDepartment of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
Weiting KangDepartment of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
Zilian CuiDepartment of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
Xunbo JinDepartment of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
Shandong Provincial Hospital · CNShandong University · CNShandong First Medical University · CNShandong Provincial QianFoShan Hospital · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundProstate cancer (PCa) is an immune-responsive disease. The current study sought to explore a robust immune-related prognostic gene signature for PCa.

methodsData were retrieved from the tumor Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and GSE46602 database for performing the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) cox regression model analysis. Immune related genes (IRGs) data were retrieved from ImmPort database.

resultsThe weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) showed that nine functional modules are correlated with the biochemical recurrence of PCa, including 259 IRGs. Univariate regression analysis and survival analysis identified 35 IRGs correlated with the prognosis of PCa. LASSO Cox regression model analysis was used to construct a risk prognosis model comprising 18 IRGs. Multivariate regression analysis showed that risk score was an independent predictor of the prognosis of PCa. A nomogram comprising a combination of this model and other clinical features showed good prediction accuracy in predicting the prognosis of PCa. Further analysis showed that different risk groups harbored different gene mutations, differential transcriptome expression and different immune infiltration levels. Patients in the high-risk group exhibited more gene mutations compared with those in the low-risk group. Patients in the high-risk groups showed high-frequency mutations in TP53. Immune infiltration analysis showed that M2 macrophages were significantly enriched in the high-risk group implying that it affected prognosis of PCa patients. In addition, immunostimulatory genes were differentially expressed in the high-risk group compared with the low-risk group. BIRC5, as an immune-related gene in the prediction model, was up-regulated in 87.5% of prostate cancer tissues. Knockdown of BIRC5 can inhibit cell proliferation and migration.

conclusionIn summary, a risk prognosis model based on IGRs was developed. A nomogram comprising a combination of this model and other clinical features showed good accuracy in predicting the prognosis of PCa. This model provides a basis for personalized treatment of PCa and can help clinicians in making effective treatment decisions.

Indexed as

immune infiltrationimmune-related genesLASSO Cox regressionnomogramprostate cancerweighted gene co-expression network analysis

Identifiers

PMID34490029
PMCPMC8417385
OpenAlexW3194739172

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.