ArticleFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2021
Characterization of Coxsackievirus A6 Strains Isolated From Children With Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease.
Article in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recent advances on coxsackievirus A6 vaccine research.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- A New Inactivated Coxsackievirus B2 Vaccine: Biological Properties, Immunogenicity, and Protective Effects in Mice.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Serial passagingFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Enteroviruses Associated with Hand Foot and Mouth Disease in Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India in 2022.Indian journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Construction of a Vero cell line expression human KREMEN1 for the development of CVA6 vaccines.Virology journal · 2025Article
- Transition of D3c branch and novel recombination events contribute to the diversity of Coxsackievirus A6 in Beijing, China, from 2019 to 2023.Virus evolution · 2025Article
- Coxsackievirus A6 U.K. Genetic and Clinical Epidemiology Pre- and Post-SARS-CoV-2 Emergence.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Changing Epidemiology of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Causative Agents and Contributing Factors.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Review
- A review of the recombination events, mechanisms and consequences of Coxsackievirus A6.Infectious medicine · 2024Review
- Construction of an infectious clone for enterovirus A89 and mutagenesis analysis of viral infection and cell binding.Microbiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Molecular evolutionary dynamics of enterovirus A71, coxsackievirus A16 and coxsackievirus A6 causing hand, foot and mouth disease in Thailand, 2000-2022.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Surveillance, epidemiology, and impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 interventions on the incidence of enterovirus infections in Nanchang, China, 2010-2022.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Screening of a new candidate coxsackievirus B1 vaccine strain based on its biological characteristics.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Pseudotyped Viruses for Enterovirus.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Article
- A mouse-adapted CVA6 strain exhibits neurotropism and triggers systemic manifestations in a novel murine model.Emerging microbes & infections · 2022Article
- Clinical characteristics of 68 children with atypical hand, foot, and mouth disease caused by coxsackievirus A6: a single-center retrospective analysis.Translational pediatrics · 2022Article
- Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease: A Narrative Review.Recent advances in inflammation & allergy drug discovery · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6) is a key pathogen causing hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). However, there are currently no specific antiviral drugs or vaccines for treating infections caused by CVA6. In this study, human rhabdomyosarcoma (RD), African green monkey kidney (Vero), and human embryonic lung diploid fibroblast (KMB17) cells were used to isolate CVA6 from 327 anal swab and fecal samples obtained during HFMD monitoring between 2009 and 2017. The VP1 genes of the isolates were sequenced and genotyped, and the biological characteristics of the representative CVA6 strains were analyzed. A total of 37 CVA6 strains of the D3 gene subtypes were isolated from RD cells, all of which belonged to the epidemic strains in mainland China. Using the adaptive culture method, 10 KMB17 cell-adapted strains were obtained; however, no Vero cell-adapted strains were acquired. Among the KMB17 cell-adapted strains, only KYN-A1205 caused disease or partial death in suckling mice, and its virulence was stronger than its RD cell-adapted strain. The pathogenic KYN-A1205 strain caused strong tropism to the muscle tissue and led to pathological changes, including muscle necrosis and nuclear fragmentation in the forelimb and hindlimb. Sequence analysis demonstrated that the KYN-A1205 strain exhibited multiple amino acid mutations after KMB17 cell adaptation. Moreover, it showed strong pathogenicity, good immunogenicity and genetic stability, and could be used as an experimental CVA6 vaccine candidate.
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