Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34494932›Full record

ArticleGut microbes

Dietary spinach reshapes the gut microbiome in an Apc-mutant genetic background: mechanistic insights from integrated multi-omics.

Ying-Shiuan Chen, Jia Li, Rani Menon, Arul Jayaraman, Kyongbum Lee, Yun Huang, Wan Mohaiza Dashwood, Ke Zhang, Deqiang Sun, Roderick H Dashwood

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Gut microbes. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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  6. Emerging technologies and current challenges in intratumoral microbiota research.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
    Review
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  8. Review
  9. Article
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  15. A Review of Gut Microbiota-Derived Metabolites in Tumor Progression and Cancer Therapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023
    Review
  16. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Ying-Shiuan ChenTexas A&M Health, Houston, USA.
Jia LiTexas A&M Health, Houston, USA.
Rani MenonDepartment of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA.
Arul JayaramanDepartment of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA.
Kyongbum LeeDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0699-8057
Yun HuangTexas A&M Health, Houston, USA.
Wan Mohaiza DashwoodTexas A&M Health, Houston, USA.
Ke ZhangTexas A&M Health, Houston, USA.
Deqiang SunTexas A&M Health, Houston, USA.
Roderick H DashwoodTexas A&M Health, Houston, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0351-4034
Texas A&M Health Science Center · USMitchell Institute · USTufts University · US

Funding

Dietary HDAC Inhibitors in Colon Cancer PreventionR01CA122959 · NCI · TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCE CTR · PI DASHWOOD, RODERICK H · 2008 to 2023
$4.3M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA122959
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Complex interrelationships govern the dynamic interactions between gut microbes, the host, and exogenous drivers of disease outcome. A multi-omics approach to cancer prevention by spinach (SPI) was pursued for the first time in the polyposis in rat colon (Pirc) model. SPI fed for 26 weeks (10% w/w, freeze-dried in the diet) exhibited significant antitumor efficacy and, in the Apc-mutant genetic background, β-catenin remained highly overexpressed in adenomatous polyps. However, in both wild type and Apc-mutant rats, increased gut microbiome diversity after SPI consumption coincided with reversal of taxonomic composition. Metagenomic prediction implicated linoleate and butanoate metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and pathways in cancer, which was supported by transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses. Thus, tumor suppression by SPI involved marked reshaping of the gut microbiome along with changes in host RNA-miRNA networks. When colon polyps were compared with matched normal-looking tissues via metabolomics, anticancer outcomes were linked to SPI-derived linoleate bioactives with known anti-inflammatory/ proapoptotic mechanisms, as well as

Indexed as

Spinacia oleraceaAdenomatous Polyposis Coli ProteinAdenomatous PolypsAnimalsButyric AcidCitric Acid CycleColonic NeoplasmsDietGastrointestinal MicrobiomeGlutamic AcidLinoleic AcidMaleMitochondriaNeuraminic AcidsRatsRats, Inbred F344Adenomatous Polyposis Coli ProteinButyric AcidGlutamic AcidLinoleic AcidNeuraminic Acidsanticancer mechanismsmetabolomeMicrobiomespinachtranscriptome

Identifiers

PMID34494932
PMCPMC8437542
OpenAlexW3196373101

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.