ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Molecular Biological and Clinical Understanding of the Pathophysiology and Treatments of Hyperuricemia and Its Association with Metabolic Syndrome, Cardiovascular Diseases and Chronic Kidney Disease.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 337 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
337 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 533 citations in OpenAlex.
- A metabolomic signatures in hyperuricemia: a systematic review.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery on Serum Uric Acid and its Association with Renal Function, and Visceral Adiposity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Obesity surgery · 2026Pooled it
- Causality between diabetes and membranous nephropathy: Mendelian randomization.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2025Pooled it
- Sugar-sweetened beverages and the risk of hyperuricemia and gout: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Nighttime sleep duration and the prevalence of hyperuricemia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Pooled it
- Urate-lowering therapy modifies associations between urinary urate and kidney outcome.Renal failure · 2026Article
- Polydatin alleviates adenine-induced nephropathy in mice.Renal failure · 2026Article
- Cardiometabolic index (CMI) and sarcopenia as predictors of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in chronic kidney disease: a NHANES-based cohort study.Renal failure · 2026Article
- 6'‑O‑Caffeoylarbutin attenuates experimental hyperuricemia by regulating renal and intestinal urate transport, intestinal barrier integrity, and gut microbiota.Molecular medicine reports · 2026Article
- Phragmites Communis (Lu Gen) Alleviates Hyperuricemia via Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition and Gut-Microbiota-Mediated Metabolite Urate Transporter Regulation.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- ABCG2 transporter: Structural and functional associations with gout (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Real-World Effectiveness and Safety of Dotinurad in Chinese Patients with Gout: A Comparative Analysis.Drugs - real world outcomes · 2026Article
- Factors associated with hyperuricemia in overweight or obese adults of Shenzhen, China.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Association of serum uric acid, gout with incident sepsis: a large population-based prospective cohort study from UK Biobank.Journal of intensive care · 2026Article
- Global Trends and Research Hotspots in Natural Products for Hyperuricemia: A Bibliometric Analysis (2004-2026).Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Cinnamaldehyde Attenuates Hyperuricemia-Associated Renal Injury by Modulating Urate Transporters and AIF1- and CMPK2/NLRP3-Related Inflammatory Signaling.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Fructose induces PERK-dependent ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction via nucleotide depletion in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Hirudin Attenuates Uric Acid-Induced Renal Tubular Injury via TNFRSF6B-Mediated Suppression of NF-κB Signaling.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2026Article
- Explainable Clinical Decision Support for Metabolic Index Prediction in Gout Patients Using GA-Optimized Ensemble Learning Models.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
277 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Uric acid (UA) is synthesized mainly in the liver, intestines, and vascular endothelium as the end product of an exogenous purine from food and endogenously from damaged, dying, and dead cells. The kidney plays a dominant role in UA excretion, and the kidney excretes approximately 70% of daily produced UA; the remaining 30% of UA is excreted from the intestine. When UA production exceeds UA excretion, hyperuricemia occurs. Hyperuricemia is significantly associated with the development and severity of the metabolic syndrome. The increased urate transporter 1 (URAT1) and glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9) expression, and glycolytic disturbances due to insulin resistance may be associated with the development of hyperuricemia in metabolic syndrome. Hyperuricemia was previously thought to be simply the cause of gout and gouty arthritis. Further, the hyperuricemia observed in patients with renal diseases was considered to be caused by UA underexcretion due to renal failure, and was not considered as an aggressive treatment target. The evidences obtained by basic science suggests a pathogenic role of hyperuricemia in the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), by inducing inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells, and activation of the renin-angiotensin system. Further, clinical evidences suggest that hyperuricemia is associated with the development of CVD and CKD. Further, accumulated data suggested that the UA-lowering treatments slower the progression of such diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.