ReviewBest practice & research. Clinical anaesthesiology2021
COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (CARDS): Current knowledge on pathophysiology and ICU treatment - A narrative review.
Review in Best practice & research. Clinical anaesthesiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 123 citations in OpenAlex.
- COVID-19-Associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (CARDS): Mechanistic insights on therapeutic intervention and emerging trends.International immunopharmacology · 2021Pooled it
- Prevalence, clinical characteristics and outcomes of Guillain-Barré syndrome spectrum associated with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of neurology · 2021Pooled it
- Non-pharmacological rehabilitation strategies for pulmonary and physical recovery in ICU survivors after COVID-19: A systematic review.Chronic respiratory diseasePooled it
- Trial
- Prognostic Value of the Lactate-to-Albumin and C-Reactive Protein-to-Albumin Ratios in COVID-19-Associated ARDS.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Mortality among young adults in intensive care unit diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection.Revista brasileira de enfermagem · 2026Article
- Longitudinal trajectories of neurologic symptoms and cognitive associations at 36-months post-hospitalization for COVID-19.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Observational
- Lactate/albumin ratio predicts mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients: a retrospective machine learning study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- New insights into the role of metallothioneins in obesity and diabetes.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2025Review
- Suppnonsense-mediated decay-linked mutations in SARS-CoV-2 and their association with COVID-19 disease severity.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Profiling of proteases involved in SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis in human saliva: Influence of age and gender.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2025Article
- Whole-Exome Sequencing Reveals Rare Genetic Variants in Saudi COVID-19 Patients with Extreme Phenotypes.Viruses · 2025Article
- TIPE2 suppresses ferroptosis and pro-inflammatory polarization in macrophages triggered by SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia: Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Associations between public health measures and mortality among hospitalised COVID-19 patients: a cross-sectional study in Malaysia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Bacterial Superinfections After SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia: Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns, Impact on Inflammatory Profiles, Severity Scores, and Clinical Outcomes.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- mRNA Vaccination for COVID-19 Lowers the Risk for Pulmonary Fibrosis Through GIP-10/Gal-3/HIF-1 Downregulation.Cureus · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2: A synergy to the Alzheimer's disease.Journal of neurovirology · 2025Review
- Risk factors for intensive care unit admission among COVID-19 patients in the West Bank, Palestine: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Editorial: Current evidence on epidemiology and management of infections in critically ill patients.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) induces coronavirus-19 disease (COVID-19) and is a major health concern. Following two SARS-CoV-2 pandemic "waves," intensive care unit (ICU) specialists are treating a large number of COVID19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients. From a pathophysiological perspective, prominent mechanisms of COVID19-associated ARDS (CARDS) include severe pulmonary infiltration/edema and inflammation leading to impaired alveolar homeostasis, alteration of pulmonary physiology resulting in pulmonary fibrosis, endothelial inflammation (endotheliitis), vascular thrombosis, and immune cell activation. Although the syndrome ARDS serves as an umbrella term, distinct, i.e., CARDS-specific pathomechanisms and comorbidities can be noted (e.g., virus-induced endotheliitis associated with thromboembolism) and some aspects of CARDS can be considered ARDS "atypical." Importantly, specific evidence-based medical interventions for CARDS (with the potential exception of corticosteroid use) are currently unavailable, limiting treatment efforts to mostly supportive ICU care. In this article, we will discuss the underlying pulmonary pathophysiology and the clinical management of CARDS. In addition, we will outline current and potential future treatment approaches.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.