ArticleDiabetes care2021
Development and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy in Adolescents and Young Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: Results From the TODAY Study.
Article in Diabetes care, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Prevalence and Progression of Microvascular Complications and the Interaction With Ethnicity and Socioeconomic Status in People With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of diabetes research · 2025Pooled it
- Global Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy in Pediatric Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2023Pooled it
- Diabetic Retinopathy in Bahraini Primary Care: A Cross-Sectional Study of Prevalence and Clinical Predictors.Cureus · 2026Article
- Using OCT Angiography to Predict Diabetic Retinopathy Progression and Vision Decline in a Multiethnic Cohort.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Retinal Neurophysiological Parameters in Young Patients With Type 1 Diabetes.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Two-stage diagnostic intervals in diabetic retinopathy and associated factors: a cross-sectional study.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Autonomous AI-assisted diabetic retinopathy screening at primary care is associated with increased presentation to eye care by at risk patients.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Article
- 12. Retinopathy, Neuropathy, and Foot Care: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2026.Diabetes care · 2026Review
- Blood Cell-Derived Inflammatory Indices in Diabetic Macular Edema: Clinical Significance and Prognostic Relevance.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Persistent disparities in diabetic retinopathy outcomes among socially deprived individuals despite treatment adherence.Eye (London, England) · 2025Article
- Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Among Federally Qualified Health Center Patients Using Point-of-Care AI: DRES-POCAI: A Trial Protocol.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Young-onset type 2 diabetes-Epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2025Review
- Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: What We've Learned From Key Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Studies, What We Still Don't Know, and Why It Is Important.Diabetes care · 2025Review
- Photoreceptor thickness in UK Biobank participants with and without diabetes mellitus.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Ahmedabad declaration: A framework to combat growing epidemic of young-onset type 2 diabetes in Asia.Diabetes & metabolic syndrome · 2025Review
- Reduced Aqueous Retinol-Binding Protein 3 Concentration Is Associated With Diabetic Macular Edema and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy.Diabetes care · 2025Article
- 12. Retinopathy, Neuropathy, and Foot Care: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025.Diabetes care · 2025Review
- Nationwide trends and incidence of blindness in patients with diabetic retinopathy identified using an age-period-cohort analysis.Eye (London, England) · 2025Article
- The role of nutritional factors in transitioning between early, mid, and late stages of age-related macular degeneration: prospective longitudinal analysis.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2024Observational
- Next generation brain health: transforming global research and public health to promote prevention of dementia and reduce its risk in young adult populations.The lancet. Healthy longevity · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) study reported a 13.9% prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in youth with mean ± SD type 2 diabetes duration of 4.9 ± 1.5 years. After 7 years of additional follow-up, we report the risk factors for progression of DR in the TODAY cohort. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsRetinal photographs (
resultsWith mean ± SD age of 25.4 ± 2.5 years and diabetes duration of 12.0 ± 1.5 years, there was a 49% prevalence of any DR among participants. Prevalence by DR stage was as follows: 39% for very mild or mild nonproliferative DR (NPDR), 6% moderate to severe NPDR, and 3.8% proliferative DR. Compared with nonprogressors, participants who progressed three or more steps had significantly lower BMI, higher HbA
conclusionsPoor glycemic control of youth-onset type 2 diabetes imparts a high risk for progression of DR, including advanced, sight-threatening disease by young adulthood.
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.