Evidence mapPaperPMID 34545599Full record

Observational studyClinical cardiology2021

Risk stratification of cardiac arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients receiving insulin therapy: A population-based cohort study.

Sharen Lee, Kamalan Jeevaratnam, Tong Liu, Dong Chang, Carlin Chang, Wing Tak Wong, Ian Chi Kei Wong, Gregory Y H Lip, Gary Tse

Open access · goldAbstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Clinical cardiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
5.0field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Dysglycemia and arrhythmias.World journal of diabetes · 2023
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 9 institutions in 4 countries.

Sharen LeeDiabetes Research Unit, Cardiovascular Analytics Group, Hong Kong, China-UK Collaboration, China.
Kamalan JeevaratnamFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
Tong LiuTianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
Dong ChangXiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
Carlin ChangDivision of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
Wing Tak WongSchool of Life Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Ian Chi Kei WongDepartment of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, China.
Gregory Y H LipLiverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom; and Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7566-1626
Gary TseFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5510-1253
Chinese University of Hong Kong · HKDiabetes UK · GBFirst Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University · CNMedway School of Pharmacy · GBQueen Mary Hospital · CNSecond Hospital of Tianjin Medical University · CNThe London College · GBUniversity of Liverpool · GBUniversity of Surrey · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionMetabolic abnormalities may exacerbate the risk of adverse outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The present study aims to assess the predictive value of HbA1c and lipid variability on the risks of sudden cardiac death (SCD) and incident atrial fibrillation (AF).

methodsThe retrospective observational study consists of type 2 diabetic patients prescribed with insulin, who went to publicly funded clinics and hospitals in Hong Kong between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2009. Variability in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride, and HbA1c were assessed through their SD and coefficient of variation. The primary outcomes were incident (1) ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation, actual or aborted SCD and (2) AF.

resultsA total of 23 329 patients (mean ± SD age: 64 ± 14 years old; 51% male; mean HbA1c 8.6 ± 1.3%) were included. On multivariable analysis, HbA1c, total cholesterol, LDL-C and triglyceride variability were found to be predictors of SCD (p < .05).

conclusionHbA1c and lipid variability were predictive of SCD. Therefore, poor glucose control and variability in lipid parameters in diabetic patients are associated with aborted or actual SCD. These observations suggest the need to re-evaluate the extent of glycemic control required for outcome optimization.

Indexed as

Atrial FibrillationDeath, Sudden, CardiacDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2AgedFemaleHumansInsulinMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsInsulincardiac arrhythmiassudden cardiac deathtype 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID34545599
PMCPMC8571559
OpenAlexW3200995138

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.