ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2021
High-dimensional profiling reveals phenotypic heterogeneity and disease-specific alterations of granulocytes in COVID-19.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers.
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Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- Spleen tyrosine kinase inhibition restores myeloid homeostasis in COVID-19.Science advances · 2023Trial
- High-dimensional single-cell analyses reveal neutrophil heterogeneity in guttate psoriasis.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Serum Calprotectin in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 in Relation to High-Dimensional Serum Proteomic Patterns.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Observational
- Neutrophil Dynamics in Viral Infections: Drivers of Inflammation and Targets for Pro-Resolving Therapies.Journal of innate immunity · 2026Review
- Single-cell transcriptomics identifies altered neutrophil dynamics and accentuated T-cell cytotoxicity in tobacco flavored e-cigarette exposed mouse lungs.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Emerging roles of basophils in the resolution of acute respiratory distress syndrome.The European respiratory journal · 2025Article
- Cytosolic proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) orchestrates neutrophil hyperactivation in COVID-19.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Gut infection and dysbiosis are hallmarks of severe SARS-CoV-2 variants.Npj viruses · 2025Article
- Spatiotemporal regulation of neutrophil heterogeneity in health and disease.Human molecular genetics · 2025Review
- Article
- Unraveling the COVID-19 Severity Hubs and Interplays in Inflammatory-Related RNA-Protein Networks.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Comparison of the pathogenicity and neutrophil and monocyte response between SARS-CoV-2 prototype and Omicron BA.1 in a lethal mouse model.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2025Article
- Eosinophils and COVID-19: Insights into immune complexity and vaccine safety.Clinical and translational allergy · 2025Review
- Antiviral roles of eosinophils in asthma and respiratory viral infection.Frontiers in allergy · 2025Review
- Prospects for the Protective Mechanisms and Compounds of Bufei Huoxue Capsule against COVID-19 Convalescence: Evaluation of Integrating UHPLC-HRMS Analysis and Network Pharmacology Strategy.Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening · 2025Article
- Single-cell RNA sequencing uncovers heterogenous immune cell responses upon exposure to food additive (E171) titanium dioxide.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 infection elucidates features of pregnancy-specific immunity.Cell reports · 2024Article
- Emergence of dysfunctional neutrophils with a defect in arginase-1 release in severe COVID-19.JCI insight · 2024Article
- Early inflammatory profiles predict maximal disease severity in COVID-19: An unsupervised cluster analysis.Heliyon · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
38 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Since the outset of the COVID-19 pandemic, increasing evidence suggests that the innate immune responses play an important role in the disease development. A dysregulated inflammatory state has been proposed as a key driver of clinical complications in COVID-19, with a potential detrimental role of granulocytes. However, a comprehensive phenotypic description of circulating granulocytes in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected patients is lacking. In this study, we used high-dimensional flow cytometry for granulocyte immunophenotyping in peripheral blood collected from COVID-19 patients during acute and convalescent phases. Severe COVID-19 was associated with increased levels of both mature and immature neutrophils, and decreased counts of eosinophils and basophils. Distinct immunotypes were evident in COVID-19 patients, with altered expression of several receptors involved in activation, adhesion, and migration of granulocytes (e.g., CD62L, CD11a/b, CD69, CD63, CXCR4). Paired sampling revealed recovery and phenotypic restoration of the granulocytic signature in the convalescent phase. The identified granulocyte immunotypes correlated with distinct sets of soluble inflammatory markers, supporting pathophysiologic relevance. Furthermore, clinical features, including multiorgan dysfunction and respiratory function, could be predicted using combined laboratory measurements and immunophenotyping. This study provides a comprehensive granulocyte characterization in COVID-19 and reveals specific immunotypes with potential predictive value for key clinical features associated with COVID-19.
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