Evidence mapPaperPMID 34556709Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

High levels of osteoprotegerin are associated with coronary artery calcification in patients suspected of a chronic coronary syndrome.

Mirthe Dekker, Farahnaz Waissi, Max J M Silvis, Joelle V Bennekom, Arjan H Schoneveld, Robbert J de Winter, Ivana Isgum, Nikolas Lessmann, Birgitta K Velthuis, Gerard Pasterkamp and 3 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 27% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

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  4. The link between osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases: a review of shared mechanisms, risk factors, and therapeutic approaches.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.

Mirthe DekkerDepartment of Vascular Surgery (G04129), University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Farahnaz WaissiDepartment of Vascular Surgery (G04129), University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Max J M SilvisDepartment of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Joelle V BennekomDepartment of Vascular Surgery (G04129), University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Arjan H SchoneveldCentral Diagnostic Laboratory, Arcadia, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Robbert J de WinterDepartment of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Ivana IsgumDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Nikolas LessmannDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Birgitta K VelthuisDepartment of Radiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Gerard PasterkampDepartment of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Arend MosterdDepartment of Cardiology, Meander Medical Center Amersfoort, Amersfoort, The Netherlands.
Leo TimmersDepartment of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital Nieuwegein, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.
Dominique P V de KleijnDepartment of Vascular Surgery (G04129), University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands. D.P.V.deKleijn@umcutrecht.nl.
University Medical Center Utrecht · NLAmsterdam University Medical Centers · NLMeander Medisch Centrum · NLNetherlands Heart Institute · NLRadboud University Medical Center · NLSt. Antonius Ziekenhuis · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Plasma osteoprotegerin (OPG) and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important regulators in the process of vascular calcification (VC). In population studies, high levels of OPG are associated with events. In animal studies, however, high OPG levels result in reduction of VC. VSMC-derived EVs are assumed to be responsible for OPG transport and VC but this role has not been studied. For this, we investigated the association between OPG in plasma and circulating EVs with coronary artery calcium (CAC) as surrogate for VC in symptomatic patients. We retrospectively assessed 742 patients undergoing myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). CAC scores were determined on the MPI-CT images using a previously developed automated algorithm. Levels of OPG were quantified in plasma and two EV-subpopulations (LDL and TEX), using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Circulating levels of OPG were independently associated with CAC scores in plasma; OR 1.39 (95% CI 1.17-1.65), and both EV populations; EV-LDL; OR 1.51 (95% CI 1.27-1.80) and EV-TEX; OR 1.21 (95% CI 1.02-1.42). High levels of OPG in plasma were independently associated with CAC scores in this symptomatic patient cohort. High levels of EV-derived OPG showed the same positive association with CAC scores, suggesting that EV-derived OPG mirrors the same pathophysiological process as plasma OPG.

Indexed as

AgedBiomarkersChronic DiseaseCoronary Artery DiseaseCoronary VesselsExtracellular VesiclesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMyocardial Perfusion ImagingOsteoprotegerinProspective StudiesRetrospective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsBiomarkersOsteoprotegerinTNFRSF11B protein, human

Identifiers

PMID34556709
PMCPMC8460823
OpenAlexW3198985874

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.