ArticleAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2021
NADPH-Oxidase, Rho-Kinase and Autophagy Mediate the (Pro)renin-Induced Pro-Inflammatory Microglial Response and Enhancement of Dopaminergic Neuron Death.
Article in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microglial activation and RAS signaling: a dual-edged sword in neuroinflammation.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2026Review
- Human endogenous retrovirus W family envelope protein (ERVWE1) regulates macroautophagy activation and micromitophagy inhibition via NOXA1 in schizophrenia.Virologica Sinica · 2025Article
- Chronic Stress-Associated Depressive Disorders: The Impact of HPA Axis Dysregulation and Neuroinflammation on the Hippocampus-A Mini Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Fasudil inhibits α-synuclein aggregation through ROCK-inhibition-mediated mechanisms.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2025Article
- Salt sensitivity and myocardial fibrosis: unraveling the silent cardiovascular remodeling.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Modulation of Mitochondrial Dynamics by the Angiotensin System in Dopaminergic Neurons and Microglia.Aging and disease · 2024Article
- The role of the brain renin-angiotensin system in Parkinson´s disease.Translational neurodegeneration · 2024Review
- The Association between Glucose 6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Role of α-synuclein in microglia: autophagy and phagocytosis balance neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Dysregulation of the tissue renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is involved in tissue oxidative and inflammatory responses. Among RAS components, renin, its precursor (pro)renin and its specific receptor (PRR) have been less investigated, particularly in the brain. We previously showed the presence of PRR in neurons and glial cells in the nigrostriatal system of rodents and primates, including humans. Now, we used rat and mouse models and cultures of BV2 and primary microglial cells to study the role of PRR in microglial pro-inflammatory responses. PRR was upregulated in the nigral region, particularly in microglia during the neuroinflammatory response. In the presence of the angiotensin type-1 receptor blocker losartan, to exclude angiotensin-related effects, treatment of microglial cells with (pro)renin induces the expression of microglial pro-inflammatory markers, which is mediated by upregulation of NADPH-oxidase and Rho-kinase activities, downregulation of autophagy and upregulation of inflammasome activity. Conditioned medium from (pro)renin-treated microglia increased dopaminergic cell death relative to medium from non-treated microglia. However, these effects were blocked by pre-treatment of microglia with the Rho-kinase inhibitor fasudil. Activation of microglial PRR enhances the microglial pro-inflammatory response and deleterious effects of microglia on dopaminergic cells, and microglial NADPH-oxidase, Rho-Kinase and autophagy are involved in this process.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.