Evidence mapPaperPMID 34575608Full record

ArticleJournal of personalized medicine2021

Prevalence and Significance of Pyuria in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients in Saudi Arabia.

Lina Almaiman, Khaled S Allemailem, Asmaa M El-Kady, Mishaal Alrasheed, Ahmad Almatroudi, Fahad S Alekezem, Abdelrahman Elrasheedy, Wafa Abdullah Al-Megrin, Hussah M Alobaid, Hatem A Elshabrawy

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of personalized medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 24% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.

Lina AlmaimanDepartment of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
Khaled S AllemailemDepartment of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-6486-9835
Asmaa M El-KadyDepartment of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0002-9294-2630
Mishaal AlrasheedDepartment of Laboratory and Blood Bank, King Fahd Specialist Hospital, Buraydah 52211, Saudi Arabia.
Ahmad AlmatroudiDepartment of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-1491-6402
Fahad S AlekezemDepartment of Laboratory and Blood Bank, King Fahd Specialist Hospital, Buraydah 52211, Saudi Arabia.
Abdelrahman ElrasheedyDepartment of Laboratory and Blood Bank, King Fahd Specialist Hospital, Buraydah 52211, Saudi Arabia.
Wafa Abdullah Al-MegrinDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
Hussah M AlobaidDepartment of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0001-6478-1238
Hatem A ElshabrawyDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Sam Houston State University, Conroe, TX 77304, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7771-113X
King Fahad Specialist Hospital · SAQassim University · SAKing Saud University · SAPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University · SASam Houston State University · USSouth Valley University · EG

Funding

Deanship of Scientific Research at Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University and Researchers Supporting Project (Project no.: RSP-2021/174) from King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. RSP-2021/174
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is considered a major health problem, which poses a burden for health care systems worldwide. It has been estimated that 10% of the population worldwide have CKD; however, most of the cases are undiagnosed. If left untreated, CKD could lead to kidney failure, which highlights the importance of early diagnosis and treatment. Pyuria has been reported in CKD patients, and could be the result of several comorbidities, such as diabetes, or urinary tract infections (UTIs). A few studies have shown that pyuria is associated with the late stages of CKD. However, there are limited data on the prevalence of non-UTI (sterile) and UTI-pyuria in different CKD patient populations, and its association with the decline in kidney function and progression of CKD. In this retrospective study, we report the prevalence of pyuria (sterile and UTI) in 754 CKD patients of King Fahd Specialist Hospital, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia. Our data showed that 164/754 CKD patients (21.8%) had pyuria, whereas 590 patients (78.2%) presented with no pyuria. There was a significantly higher percentage of late-stage (stage 4) CKD patients in the pyuric group compared to the non-pyuric group (36.6% vs. 11.9%). In line with the previous data, proteinuria was detected in a significantly higher percentage of pyuric patients, in addition to significantly higher levels of serum creatinine and urea, compared to non-pyuric patients. Furthermore, 13.4% of the pyuric CKD patients had UTI, whereas 86.6% presented with sterile pyuria.

Indexed as

albuminuriabacteriaCKDE. colileukocyte esterasepyuriaurinary nitriteurineUTIWBCs

Identifiers

PMID34575608
PMCPMC8470286
OpenAlexW3193402986

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.