Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34579763›Full record

Trial reportReproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E2021

Trapa bispinosa Roxb. extract lowers advanced glycation end-products and increases live births in older patients with assisted reproductive technology: a randomized controlled trial.

Masao Jinno, Ryoji Nagai, Masayoshi Takeuchi, Aiko Watanabe, Koji Teruya, Hikari Sugawa, Naohisa Hatakeyama, Yuichi Jinno

Open access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
  3. Inhibitory effects of water chestnut (Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2026
    Article
  4. Different Varieties of Water Caltrop (Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Ovarian stimulation by promoting basal follicular growth.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2025
    Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Protein Modification with Ribose GeneratesInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Article
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Masao JinnoWomen's Clinic Jinno, 3-11-7 Kokuryou-chou, Choufu City, Tokyo, 182-0022, Japan. mjinno@s9.dion.ne.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0783-2120
Ryoji NagaiLaboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, 862-8652, Japan.
Masayoshi TakeuchiDepartment of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan.
Aiko WatanabeWomen's Clinic Jinno, 3-11-7 Kokuryou-chou, Choufu City, Tokyo, 182-0022, Japan.
Koji TeruyaFaculty of Health Sciences, Kyorin University, Mitaka City, Tokyo, 181-8612, Japan.
Hikari SugawaLaboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, 862-8652, Japan.
Naohisa HatakeyamaWomen's Clinic Jinno, 3-11-7 Kokuryou-chou, Choufu City, Tokyo, 182-0022, Japan.
Yuichi JinnoWomen's Clinic Jinno, 3-11-7 Kokuryou-chou, Choufu City, Tokyo, 182-0022, Japan.
Kyushu Tokai University · JPClassNK · JPKanazawa Medical University · JPKyorin University · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAdvanced glycation end-products (AGE), which accumulate with insulin resistance and aging, impair folliculogenesis and may decrease endometrial receptivity. Hishi (Trapa bispinosa Roxb.) extract, a safe herbal medicine, strongly inhibits AGE formation in vitro. We determined whether Hishi lowers AGE and increases live births in older assisted reproductive technology (ART) patients.

methodsThis prospective randomized open-label controlled trial included 64 patients 38 to 42 years old undergoing ART with or without Hishi extract between June 11, 2015 and July 12, 2019. None had over 2 ART failures, diabetes, uterine anomalies, or exhausted ovarian reserve. After allocation, the Hishi group received Hishi extract (100 mg/day) until late pregnancy or failure. The control group received no extract. Both groups underwent 1 cycle of conventional infertility treatment; 1 long-protocol cycle of ovarian stimulation, oocyte retrieval, in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection, and fresh embryo transfer (ET); and, if needed, cryopreserved ET until live birth or embryo depletion. Serum AGE were measured before and during ART, as were AGE in follicular fluid (FF).

resultsCumulative live birth rate among 32 Hishi patients was 47%, significantly higher than 16% among 31 controls (p<0.01; RR, 4.6; 95% CI, 1.4 - 15.0; 1 control dropped out). Live birth rate per ET, including fresh and cryopreserved, was significantly higher with Hishi (28% in 47 ET vs. 10% in 49 ET; p<0.05; RR, 3.4; 95% CI, 1.1-10.4). Among variables including age, day-3 FSH, anti-Müllerian hormone, and Hishi, logistic regression identified only Hishi as significantly associated with increased cumulative live birth (p<0.05; OR, 5.1; 95% CI, 1.4 - 18.3). Hishi significantly enhanced oocyte developmental potential, improved endometrial receptivity in natural cycles, and decreased AGE in serum and FF. Larger serum AGE decreases with Hishi were associated with more oocytes becoming day-2 embryos.

conclusionsHishi decreased AGE in serum and FF and improved oocyte developmental potential and endometrial receptivity, increasing live births in older patients. Treatment of infertility by AGE reduction represents a new addition to infertility treatment. Therapeutic trials of Hishi for other AGE-associated diseases might be considered.

trial registrationUMIN registration in Japan ( UMIN000017758 ) on June 1, 2015. https://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/index.htm.

Indexed as

Glycation End Products, AdvancedLive BirthLythraceaePlant ExtractsReproductive Techniques, AssistedAdultCombined Modality TherapyDown-RegulationFemaleHumansInfant, NewbornJapanMaternal AgeMedicine, East Asian TraditionalOocytesOxidative StressGlycation End Products, AdvancedPlant ExtractsAdvanced glycation end-products (AGE)Assisted reproductive technologyendometrial receptivityLive birth rateoocyte developmental competenceTrapa bispinosa Roxb.Water chestnut

Identifiers

PMID34579763
PMCPMC8474760
OpenAlexW3202204408

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.