Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34593039›Full record

ArticleJournal of pharmaceutical health care and sciences2021

Evaluation of factors related to overdose in patients with impaired consciousness who are transported by emergency medical services: an age-specific research.

Kazuki Nagashima, Megumi Sumida, Shoichi Imanaka, Tatsuro Kuwabara, Ichiro Kaneko, Yasufumi Miyake, Nobuhiro Yasuno, Fumio Itagaki, Machiko Watanabe

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of pharmaceutical health care and sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 28% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Kazuki NagashimaLaboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan.
Megumi SumidaLaboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan.
Shoichi ImanakaDepartment of Pharmacy, Teikyo University Hospital, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8606, Japan.
Tatsuro KuwabaraDepartment of Pharmacy, Teikyo University Hospital, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8606, Japan.
Ichiro KanekoDepartment of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan.
Yasufumi MiyakeDepartment of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan.
Nobuhiro YasunoLaboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan.
Fumio ItagakiLaboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan.
Machiko WatanabeLaboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan. wmachiko@pharm.teikyo-u.ac.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0291-5514
Teikyo University · JPTeikyo University Hospital · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDrug overdose accounts for most of the admissions to the emergency department. Prescription drugs, most of which are psychotropic medications, are often misused for drug overdose. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between overdose in patients transported with disorders of consciousness and psychotropic medications administered prior to transport, so as to enable quick differentiation of drug overdose patients from patients with disorders of consciousness.

methodsWe evaluated 222 patients transported to the Advanced Critical Care Center of Teikyo University Hospital due to disorders of consciousness. The patients were categorized into two groups: overdose group (n = 128) and control group with other disorders of consciousness (n = 94). Logistic regression models were used to assess the association between disorders of consciousness due to drug overdose and psychotropic drugs prescribed before emergency transportation based on sex and age.

resultsAccording to multivariate logistic regression analysis, only female sex (odds ratio [OR] 4.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.43-8.05, P < 0.0001) was associated with overall overdose. Results from the univariate logistic regression analysis showed that in the group of patients aged 40-50 years, female sex (OR 4.36, 95% CI; 1.54-12.4, P = 0.006) and the use of psychotropic drugs (OR 5.05, 95% CI; 1.75-14.6, P = 0.003), benzodiazepines (OR 4.64, 95% CI; 1.61-13.4, P < 0.05), antidepressants (OR 11.4, 95% CI; 2.35-55.8, P = 0.003), and anticonvulsants (OR 4.46, 95% CI; 1.11-17.9, P = 0.035) were associated with overdose. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, female sex (OR 4.44, 95% CI; 1.37-14.3, P = 0.013) and antidepressants (OR 7.95, 95% CI; 1.21-52.1, P = 0.031) were associated with overdose patients aged 40-50 years.

conclusionsAs a reference in distinguishing overdose in women in their 40s and 50s who present with impaired consciousness, attention may need to be paid to the type of psychotropic drug used, especially antidepressants.

Indexed as

AgeAntidepressantBenzodiazepineDisorder of consciousnessDrug overdoseFemalePsychotropic drug

Identifiers

PMID34593039
PMCPMC8485428
OpenAlexW3201905729

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.