SynthesisJournal of preventive medicine and hygiene2021
Age-related risk factors and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Toward Coronavirus Disease (COVID- 19) in Southeast and South Asia: A Mixed Study Design Approach.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- Understanding Hepatitis B-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Among Nurses of a Selected Tertiary Hospital in Northwestern Bangladesh.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir and Molnupiravir in Non-Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Clinical Symptom Patterns as Predictors of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Healthcare Workers in Puerto Rico.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- The Role of Comorbidities in COVID-19 Severity.Viruses · 2025Observational
- Comparative Analysis of qSOFA, PRIEST, PAINT, and ISARIC4C Scores in Predicting Severe COVID-19 Outcomes Among Patients Aged over 75 Years.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The global burden of overweight-obesity and its association with economic status, benefiting from STEPs survey of WHO member states: A meta-analysis.Preventive medicine reports · 2024Review
- Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection: a test-negative case-control study with additional population controls in Norway.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Article
- Infection with COVID-19 Complicated by Sinus Arrest.Case reports in infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Article
- Clinical manifestations and outcomes of COVID-19 in maintenance hemodialysis patients of a high infectious epidemic country: a prospective cross-sectional study.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2023Article
- Risk indicators for oral ulcers among people living with HIV during the first wave of the pandemic: a cross sectional study.BMC oral health · 2023Article
- The Benefits of Molnupiravir Treatment in Healthcare Facilities Patients with COVID-19.Drug design, development and therapy · 2023Observational
- Screening and confirmation tests for SARS-CoV-2: benefits and drawbacks.Beni-Suef University journal of basic and applied sciences · 2023Review
- Dietary Supplement Consumption and Mental Health in Indonesian Adults During Second Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic.Patient preference and adherence · 2023Article
- Relationship between anal swab PCR for SARS-CoV-2 with gastrointestinal clinical manifestations and severity of COVID-19 infection in Indonesia.F1000Research · 2023Article
- The COVID-19 risk perceptions, health precautions, and emergency preparedness in older CALD adults in South Australia: A cross-sectional study.Infection, disease & health · 2022Article
- Article
- Clinical Characteristics of Children With SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Hospital in Latin America.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesWe aimed to estimate the prevalence of reported symptoms and comorbidities, and investigate the factors associated with age of the SARS-CoV-2 infected patients.
methodsWe performed a systematic review with meta-analysis (PROSPERO registration: CRD42020182677) where the databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, EMBASE, WHO, Semantic Scholar, and COVID-19 Primer) were searched for clinical studies published from January to April, 2020. Initially, the pooled prevalence of symptoms and comorbidity of COVID-19 patients were estimated using random effect model and the age -related factors were identified performing multivariate analysis [factor analysis].
resultsTwenty-nine articles with 4,884 COVID-19 patients were included in this study. Altogether, we found 33 symptoms and 44 comorbidities where the most frequent 19 symptoms and 11 comorbidities were included in the meta-analysis. The fever (84%), cough/dry cough (61%), and fatigue/weakness (42%) were found more prevalent while acute respiratory distress syndrome, hypertension and diabetes were the most prevalent comorbid condition. The factor analysis showed positive association between a cluster of symptoms and comorbidities with patients' age. The symptoms comprising fever, dyspnea/shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dizziness, anorexia and pharyngalgia; and the comorbidities including diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, COPD/lung disease and ARDS were the factors positively associated with COVID-19 patient's age.
conclusionAs an unique effort, this study found a group of symptoms (fever, dyspnea/shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dizziness, anorexia and pharyngalgia) and comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, COPD/lung disease and ARDS), associated with the age of COVID-19 infected patients.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.