Evidence mapPaperPMID 34610926Full record

ArticleBMJ open gastroenterology2021

Prevalence of and risk factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and fibrosis among young adults in Egypt.

Shaheen Tomah, Osama Hamdy, Megahed M Abuelmagd, Attia H Hassan, Naim Alkhouri, Marwa R Al-Badri, Hannah Gardner, Ahmed H Eldib, Elsayed A Eid

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open gastroenterology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
3.2field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07020377 phase1 / phase2active not recruitingstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

The Hepato-protective Effect of Dapagliflozin in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients (T2DM) With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

Ran2024Enrolled60Registered outcomes6Posted comparisons0ConditionsDiabetes Mellitus, Non Alcholic Fatty Liver DiseaseArmsDapagliflozin (DAPA), Negative control, Placebo
Open the trial in the graph
NCT05605158 phase3unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Comparative Clinical Study to Evaluate the Possible Beneficial Effect of Empagliflozin Versus Pioglitazone on Non-diabetic Patients With Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis

TypeinterventionalSponsorTanta UniversityRan2022 to 2024Enrolled56ConditionsNon Alcoholic SteatohepatitisArmsPioglitazone 30mg, Empagliflozin 10 MG
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.

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  12. Prevalence of Liver Steatosis Among Workers in Ouagadougou and Associated Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Shaheen TomahResearch Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA shaheen.tomah@joslin.harvard.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-3864-7494
Osama HamdyResearch Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Megahed M AbuelmagdDepartment of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Attia H HassanDepartment of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Delta University for Science and Technology, Belkas, Dakahlia, Egypt.
Naim AlkhouriFatty Liver Program, Arizona Liver Health, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
Marwa R Al-BadriResearch Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Hannah GardnerResearch Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Ahmed H EldibResearch Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Elsayed A EidDepartment of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Delta University for Science and Technology, Belkas, Dakahlia, Egypt.
Joslin Diabetes Center · USDelta University for Science and Technology · EGArizona Liver Health · USMansoura University · EG

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveLimited literature has examined the epidemiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and fibrosis among young adults in Egypt, a country with one of the highest obesity rates globally. We assessed the prevalence of steatosis and fibrosis among college students in Egypt.

designIn this cross-sectional study, we recruited students unaware of having fatty liver via a call-for-participation at a private university in the Dakahlia governorate of Egypt. Primary outcomes were the prevalence of steatosis as determined by the controlled attenuation parameter component of transient elastography and fibrosis as determined by the liver stiffness measurement component of transient elastography. Secondary outcomes were clinical parameters and socioeconomic factors associated with the presence and severity of steatosis and fibrosis.

resultsOf 132 participants evaluated for the study, 120 (91%) were included (median (IQR) age, 20 (19-21) years; 65 (54.2%) female). A total of 38 participants (31.6%) had steatosis, among whom 22 (57.9%) had S3 (severe) steatosis. There was a higher risk for steatosis in persons with overweight (adjusted OR 9.67, 95% CI (2.94 to 31.7, p<0.0001) and obesity (adjusted OR 13.87, 95% CI 4.41 to 43.6, p<0.0001) compared with lean persons. Moreover, higher level of parental education was associated with progressing steatosis stages (S1-S3). Six (5%) participants had transient elastography values equivalent to F2-F3 fibrosis (four with F2 fibrosis (≥7.9 kPa), and two with F3 fibrosis (≥8.8 kPa)).

conclusionIn this cohort of college students in Egypt, around 1 in 3 had steatosis, and 1 in 20 had moderate-to-advanced fibrosis, an established risk factor for hepatic and extrahepatic morbidity and mortality. These data underscore the urgency to address the silent epidemic of NAFLD among young adults in the Middle East-North Africa region.

Indexed as

Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseAdultCross-Sectional StudiesEgyptFemaleHumansLiver CirrhosisPrevalenceRisk FactorsYoung Adulthepatic fibrosisnonalcoholic steatohepatitisobesity

Identifiers

PMID34610926
PMCPMC8493908
OpenAlexW3204014020

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.