ArticleReproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.)2022
Fetal Sex Does Not Impact Placental Blood Flow or Placental Amino Acid Transfer in Late Gestation Pregnant Sheep With or Without Placental Insufficiency.
Article in Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Insights from animal models: Dissecting the independent roles of oxygen and nutrients in the fetal origins of cardiovascular disease.The Journal of physiology · 2026Review
- Oxygen and glucose supplementation increases rates of linear growth and cell proliferation in growth-restricted fetal sheep.The Journal of physiology · 2026Article
- Placental insufficiency disrupts cardiomyocyte ploidy and cell cycle fate in growth-restricted fetal sheep.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2026Article
- Fetal nutrient flux and oxidative metabolism during hypoxia: adaptive responses to defend fetal growth.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025Article
- Fetal programming under maternal heat stress: a focus on skeletal muscle growth and nutrition in livestock.Journal of developmental origins of health and disease · 2025Review
- Hypoxic pregnancy promotes fibrosis and increases stress metabolites in the ovine fetal liver.The Journal of physiology · 2025Article
- The characteristics, influence factors, and regulatory strategies of growth retardation in ruminants: a review.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Review
- IGF-1 LR3 does not promote growth in late-gestation growth-restricted fetal sheep.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- IGF-1 infusion increases growth in fetal sheep when euinsulinemia is maintained.The Journal of endocrinology · 2024Article
- Mitochondrial respiration is lower in the intrauterine growth-restricted fetal sheep heart.The Journal of physiology · 2024Article
- Increased hepatic glucose production with lower oxidative metabolism in the growth-restricted fetus.JCI insight · 2024Article
- A Sustainable Translational Sheep Model for Planned Cesarean Delivery of Contraction-Free Ewes.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2024Article
- Physiological response to fetal intravenous lipid emulsion.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2024Article
- Adaptive responses in uteroplacental metabolism and fetoplacental nutrient shuttling and sensing during placental insufficiency.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Article
- Attenuated glucose-stimulated insulin secretion during an acute IGF-1 LR3 infusion into fetal sheep does not persist in isolated islets.Journal of developmental origins of health and disease · 2023Article
- Timing of maternal nutrient restriction during mid- to late-gestation influences net umbilical uptake of glucose and amino acids in adolescent sheep.Journal of animal science · 2023Article
- Primary myoblasts from intrauterine growth-restricted fetal sheep exhibit intrinsic dysfunction of proliferation and differentiation that coincides with enrichment of inflammatory cytokine signaling pathways.Journal of animal science · 2022Article
- Lower citrate synthase activity, mitochondrial complex expression, and fewer oxidative myofibers characterize skeletal muscle from growth-restricted fetal sheep.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2022Article
- A Two-Week Insulin Infusion in Intrauterine Growth Restricted Fetal Sheep at 75% Gestation Increases Skeletal Myoblast Replication but Did Not Restore Muscle Mass or Increase Fiber Number.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Pregnant sheep have been used to model complications of human pregnancies including placental insufficiency and intrauterine growth restriction. Some of the hallmarks of placental insufficiency are slower uterine and umbilical blood flow rates, impaired placental transport of oxygen and amino acids, and lower fetal arterial concentrations of anabolic growth factors. An impact of fetal sex on these outcomes has not been identified in either human or sheep pregnancies. This is likely because most studies measuring these outcomes have used small numbers of subjects or animals. We undertook a secondary analysis of previously published data generated by our laboratory in late-gestation (gestational age of 133 ± 0 days gestational age) control sheep (n = 29 male fetuses; n = 26 female fetuses; n = 3 sex not recorded) and sheep exposed to elevated ambient temperatures to cause experimental placental insufficiency (n = 23 male fetuses; n = 17 female fetuses; n = 1 sex not recorded). The primary goal was to determine how fetal sex modifies the effect of the experimental insult on outcomes related to placental blood flow, amino acid and oxygen transport, and fetal hormones. Of the 112 outcomes measured, we only found an interaction between fetal sex and experimental insult for the uterine uptake rates of isoleucine, phenylalanine, and arginine. Additionally, most outcomes measured did not show a difference based on fetal sex when adjusting for the impact of placental insufficiency. Exceptions included fetal norepinephrine and cortisol concentrations, which were higher in female compared to male fetuses. For the parameters measured in the current analysis, the impact of fetal sex was not widespread.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.