Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34616408›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021

Regulatory B Cells: Role in Type 1 Diabetes.

Joanne Boldison, F Susan Wong

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Altered B cell metabolic pathways characterize type 1 diabetes progression.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Joanne BoldisonInstitute of Biomedical & Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom.
F Susan WongDivision of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Cardiff University · GBUniversity of Exeter · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council MR/K021141/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Regulatory B cells (Bregs) have an anti-inflammatory role and can suppress autoimmunity, by employing both cytokine secretion and cell-contact mediated mechanisms. Numerous Breg subsets have been described and have overlapping phenotypes in terms of their immune expression markers or cytokine production. A hallmark feature of Bregs is the secretion of IL-10, although IL-35 and TGFβ-producing B cells have also been identified. To date, few reports have identified an impaired frequency or function of Bregs in individuals with type 1 diabetes; thus our understanding of the role played by these Breg subsets in the pathogenesis of this condition is limited. In this review we will focus on how regulatory B cells are altered in the development of type 1 diabetes, highlighting both frequency and function and discuss both human and animal studies.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAnimalsAutoimmunityB-Lymphocytes, RegulatoryDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1FemaleHumansImmunophenotypingInterleukin-10InterleukinsIslets of LangerhansMaleMiceTransforming Growth Factor betaYoung AdultIL10 protein, humanInterleukin-10interleukin-35, humanInterleukinsTransforming Growth Factor betaB cellfrequencyfunctionIL-10type 1 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID34616408
PMCPMC8488343
OpenAlexW3199518425

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.