ArticleClinical pharmacokinetics2022
Development and Evaluation of a Virtual Population of Children with Obesity for Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling.
Article in Clinical pharmacokinetics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling to Characterize the Disposition of Topiramate in Children with and without Obesity.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Article
- A Review of Virtual Twins in Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling and Simulation.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Review
- Integrating Real-World Data and Pharmacometrics to Bridge Evidence Gaps in Special Populations: A State-of-the-Art Review.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Age-Driven Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Empagliflozin: Toward Precision Dosing in Youth.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2026Article
- Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Oxcarbazepine to Characterize Its Disposition in Children with Obesity.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Article
- Development and Validation of a Chinese Obesity-Specific Physiological Database for PBPK Modeling.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2026Article
- Pharmacokinetics and Childhood Obesity: Pathophysiological Basis and Challenges in Choosing the Ideal Body Size Descriptor.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- A Step-by-Step Workflow for Performing In Silico Clinical Trials With Nonlinear Mixed Effects Models.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2025Article
- Exploring the Influence of Obesity and CYP2 C19 Genotype on Lansoprazole Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: A Population Modeling Approach.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2025Article
- Leveraging In Silico and Artificial Intelligence Models to Advance Drug Disposition and Response Predictions Across the Lifespan.Clinical and translational science · 2025Review
- Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Antibiotics in Children: Perspectives on Model-Informed Precision Dosing.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Physiologically Based and Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Midazolam in Children With Obesity Using Real-World Data.Clinical and translational science · 2025Article
- Description and Modeling of Relevant Demographic and Laboratory Variables in a Large Oncology Cohort to Generate Virtual Populations.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Creativity in Pediatric Clinical Pharmacology: Study Design and Oral Dosage Forms.The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG · 2024Article
- Pharmacokinetics of Dexamethasone in Children and Adolescents with Obesity.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2024Article
- Evaluation of Obesity-Related Physiological Changes on Pantoprazole Clearance in Children Using a Population Pharmacokinetic Approach.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2024Article
- Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling of pantoprazole to evaluate the role of CYP2C19 genetic variation and obesity in the pediatric population.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2024Article
- Personalized Dosing of Medicines for Children: A Primer on Pediatric Pharmacometrics for Clinicians.Paediatric drugs · 2024Review
- Characterizing Enoxaparin's Population Pharmacokinetics to Guide Dose Individualization in the Pediatric Population.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2024Article
- Application of Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling to Characterize the Effects of Age and Obesity on the Disposition of Levetiracetam in the Pediatric Population.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectiveWhile one in five children in the USA are now obese, and more than three-quarters receive at least one drug during childhood, there is limited dosing guidance for this vulnerable patient population. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling can bridge the gap in the understanding of how pharmacokinetics, including drug distribution and clearance, changes with obesity by incorporating known obesity-related physiological changes in children. The objective of this study was to develop a virtual population of children with obesity to enable physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling, then use the novel virtual population in conjunction with previously developed models of clindamycin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole to better understand dosing of these drugs in children with obesity.
methodsTo enable physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling, a virtual population of children with obesity was developed using national survey, electronic health record, and clinical trial data, as well as data extracted from the literature. The virtual population accounts for key obesity-related changes in physiology relevant to pharmacokinetics, including increased body size, body composition, organ size and blood flow, plasma protein concentrations, and glomerular filtration rate. The virtual population was then used to predict the pharmacokinetics of clindamycin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole in children with obesity using previously developed physiologically based pharmacokinetic models.
resultsModel simulations predicted observed concentrations well, with an overall average fold error of 1.09, 1.24, and 1.53 for clindamycin, trimethoprim, and sulfamethoxazole, respectively. Relative to children without obesity, children with obesity experienced decreased clindamycin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole weight-normalized clearance and volume of distribution, and higher absolute doses under recommended pediatric weight-based dosing regimens.
conclusionsModel simulations support current recommended weight-based dosing in children with obesity for clindamycin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, as they met target exposure despite these changes in clearance and volume of distribution.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.