Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34626339›Full record

ReviewDrugs2021

The Antifungal Pipeline: Fosmanogepix, Ibrexafungerp, Olorofim, Opelconazole, and Rezafungin.

Martin Hoenigl, Rosanne Sprute, Matthias Egger, Amir Arastehfar, Oliver A Cornely, Robert Krause, Cornelia Lass-Flörl, Juergen Prattes, Andrej Spec, George R Thompson and 2 more

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Drugs, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 246 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
246citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
18.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

246 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 416 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Guideline
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. New Perspectives on Antimicrobial Agents: Fosmanogepix.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Compromising UDP-sugar nucleotide biosynthesis attenuatesCell surface (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Article

186 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 8 institutions in 3 countries.

Martin Hoenigl *Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria. hoeniglmartin@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1653-2824
Rosanne Sprute *Department I of Internal Medicine, Excellence Center for Medical Mycology (ECMM), University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Matthias EggerDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria.
Amir ArastehfarCenter for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ, USA.
Oliver A CornelyDepartment I of Internal Medicine, Excellence Center for Medical Mycology (ECMM), University Hospital Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Robert KrauseDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria.
Cornelia Lass-FlörlInstitute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Juergen PrattesDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria.
Andrej SpecDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MI, USA.
George R ThompsonDivision of Infectious Diseases, Departments of Internal Medicine and Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA.
Nathan WiederholdDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Jeffrey D JenksDivision of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.
Medical University of Graz · ATUniversity of Cologne · DEHackensack Meridian Health · USInnsbruck Medical University · ATThe University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio · USUniversity of California Davis Medical Center · USUniversity of California San Diego · USWashington University in St. Louis · US

Funding

UC San Diego Clinical and Translational Research InstituteUL1TR001442 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI FIRESTEIN, GARY S, HOGARTH, MICHAEL · 2015 to 2024
$88.3M
VirologyP30AI036214 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI SUSAN JANET LITTLE · 1994 to 2026
$78.4M
MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY OF PHAGOCYTOSIS IN SEPSISK08AI001442 · NIAID · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI SCHIFF, DEBORAH E · 1997 to 2000
$70k
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001442NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI036214
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The epidemiology of invasive fungal infections is changing, with new populations at risk and the emergence of resistance caused by the selective pressure from increased usage of antifungal agents in prophylaxis, empiric therapy, and agriculture. Limited antifungal therapeutic options are further challenged by drug-drug interactions, toxicity, and constraints in administration routes. Despite the need for more antifungal drug options, no new classes of antifungal drugs have become available over the last 2 decades, and only one single new agent from a known antifungal class has been approved in the last decade. Nevertheless, there is hope on the horizon, with a number of new antifungal classes in late-stage clinical development. In this review, we describe the mechanisms of drug resistance employed by fungi and extensively discuss the most promising drugs in development, including fosmanogepix (a novel Gwt1 enzyme inhibitor), ibrexafungerp (a first-in-class triterpenoid), olorofim (a novel dihyroorotate dehydrogenase enzyme inhibitor), opelconazole (a novel triazole optimized for inhalation), and rezafungin (an echinocandin designed to be dosed once weekly). We focus on the mechanism of action and pharmacokinetics, as well as the spectrum of activity and stages of clinical development. We also highlight the potential future role of these drugs and unmet needs.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntifungal AgentsDrug DevelopmentDrug InteractionsDrug Resistance, FungalFungiHumansInvasive Fungal InfectionsAntifungal Agents

Identifiers

PMID34626339
PMCPMC8501344
OpenAlexW3202074216

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.