ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2021
Expression of Sex Hormone Receptor and Immune Response Genes in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells During the Menstrual Cycle.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex hormones affect the pathogenesis and clinical characteristics of systemic lupus erythematosus.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Low-dose tamoxifen ameliorates ovariectomy-induced metabolic and immune dysfunction.GeroScience · 2026Article
- The HIV Reservoir and Immune Landscape Across the Life Course of Women: Implications for Cure Strategies.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
- Interconnection between polycystic ovary syndrome, immune disorders, and reproductive outcomes.Reproduction & fertility · 2026Review
- Estrogen and progesterone-mediated differential modulation of CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Integrated hormonal, metabolic, and epigenetic regulation of corpus luteum function: insights into steroidogenesis, angiogenesis, and regression.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Evaluation of risk promoting effects for age-related macular degeneration by estradiol.PloS one · 2026Article
- Exploratory Analysis of Sex-Related Immune Gene Expression in Patients With Severe Periodontitis.Balkan journal of medical genetics : BJMG · 2025Article
- Involvement of Peripheral Serotonin in Blood Cells in Healthy Cyclical Mares of Different Ages.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Thymus Degeneration in Women and the Influence of Female Sexual Hormones on Thymic Epithelial Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The Estrogen-Immune Interface in Endometriosis.Cells · 2025Review
- Bushen Zhuyun Decoction Enhances Endometrial Receptivity via the IL-6/STAT3 Signaling Pathway in Rats.Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening · 2025Article
- Impact of Psychological Stress-Derived Hormones and Cytokines on Immune Cell Profiles in Vitiligo: Toward Improved Peripheral Blood Simulation in Animal Models.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2025Review
- Androgen Exhibits a Protective Role Against Focal Erosions in Murine TNF-induced Inflammatory Arthritis.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2024Article
- Immune dynamics throughout life in relation to sex hormones and perspectives gained from gender-affirming hormone therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Effect of Sex and Cross-Sex Hormone Treatment on Renal Monocarboxylate-Transporter Expression in Rats.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Sex and gender in infection and immunity: addressing the bottlenecks from basic science to public health and clinical applications.Royal Society open science · 2023Article
- The Effect of Progestins on Cytokine Production in the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Menopausal Women and Their Luminol-Dependent Chemiluminescence.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Intrauterine administration of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells regulates the endometrium estrogen and progesterone receptor expression: An RCT.International journal of reproductive biomedicine · 2023Article
- Sex Differences in Coronary Artery Disease and Diabetes Revealed by scRNA-Seq and CITE-Seq of Human CD4+ T Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sex hormones are known to interact with the immune system on multiple levels but information on the types of sex hormone receptors (SHR) and their expression levels in immune cells is scarce. Estrogen, testosterone and progesterone are all considered to interact with the immune system through their respective cell receptors (ERα and ERβ including the splice variant ERβ2, AR and PGR). In this study expression levels of SHR genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and cell subsets (CD4
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.