Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34638847›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021

Photodynamic Therapy Induced Cell Death Mechanisms in Breast Cancer.

Dimakatso R Mokoena, Blassan P George, Heidi Abrahamse

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed
6.0field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
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  5. Article
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  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. The role of corroles in modern cancer therapy: innovation and prospects.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2025
    Review
  10. Photodynamic therapy could serve as a promising approach to prevent posterior capsular opacification.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2025
    Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. The emerging role and mechanism of HMGA2 in breast cancer.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2024
    Review
  19. Application of Photodynamic Therapy in Cardiology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Dimakatso R MokoenaLaser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0003-3768-2327
Blassan P GeorgeLaser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa.
Heidi AbrahamseLaser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0001-5002-827X
University of Johannesburg · ZA

Funding

South African Research Chairs Initiative of the Department of Science and Technology and Na-tional Research Foundation of South Africa 98337
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Breast cancer is the second most common cancer globally and the pioneering cause of mortality among women. It usually begins from the ducts or lobules, referred to as ductal carcinoma in situ, or lobular carcinoma in situ. Age, mutations in Breast Cancer Gene 1 or 2 (BRCA1 or BRCA2) genes, and dense breast tissue are the highest risk factors. Current treatments are associated with various side effects, relapse, and a low quality of life. Although conventional treatments, such as surgery and chemotherapy, have been used for decades, their adverse side effects on normal cells and tissues pose a major weakness, which calls for a non-invasive treatment option. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has proven to be a promising form of cancer therapy. It is less invasive, target-specific, and with reduced cytotoxicity to normal cells and tissues. It involves the use of a photosensitizer (PS) and light at a specific wavelength to produce reactive oxygen species. One of the reasons for the target specificity is associated with the dense vascularization of cancer tissues, which tends to increase the surface area for the PS uptake. Photosensitizers are light-sensitive molecules, which result in cancer cell destruction followed by light irradiation. Depending on the localization of the PS within the cancer cell, its destruction may be via apoptosis, necrosis, or autophagy. This review focuses on the breast cancer etiopathology and PDT-induced cell death mechanisms in breast cancer cells.

Indexed as

ApoptosisBreast NeoplasmsClinical Trials as TopicFemaleHumansOutcome Assessment, Health CarePhotochemotherapyPhotosensitizing AgentsQuality of LifeReactive Oxygen SpeciesPhotosensitizing AgentsReactive Oxygen Speciesapoptosisbreast cancercytotoxicitynecrosisphotodynamic therapy (PDT)

Identifiers

PMID34638847
PMCPMC8508861
OpenAlexW3204261220

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.