ArticleStroke2022
HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) Subspecies, Prevalent Covert Brain Infarcts, and Incident Overt Ischemic Stroke: Cardiovascular Health Study.
Article in Stroke, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Partially Replacing Dietary Carbohydrate With Unsaturated Fat or Protein Shifts Protein-Based HDL Subspecies Toward Lower Coronary Heart Disease Risk.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2026Trial
- Baseline versus cumulative cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and glucose index and stroke risk in individuals with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stages 0-3: evidence from the CHARLS study.Cardiovascular diabetology. Endocrinology reports · 2026Article
- Investigating the association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the risk of carotid artery plaque in patients with first-ever ischemic stroke based on different glucose metabolic conditions.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Multiple facets of HDLs as modifiable risk factors in stroke-the good, the bad, and the ugly.Journal of lipid research · 2025Review
- U-shaped Relationship between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and intracranial aneurysm rupture: a retrospective cross-sectional study in the Chinese population.BMC neurology · 2025Article
- Understanding HDL Metabolism and Biology Through In Vivo Tracer Kinetics.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2024Review
- Atherogenic circulating lipoproteins in ischemic stroke.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Review
- Circadian Regulation of Apolipoproteins in the Brain: Implications in Lipid Metabolism and Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Novel Size-Based High-Density Lipoprotein Subspecies and Incident Vascular Events.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Article
- Associations between Alcohol Consumption and HDL Subspecies Defined by ApoC3, ApoE and ApoJ: the Cardiovascular Health Study.Current problems in cardiology · 2023Review
- Serum LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and the risk of carotid plaques: a longitudinal study.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWhether HDL (high-density lipoprotein) is associated with risk of vascular brain injury is unclear. HDL is comprised of many apo (apolipoprotein) species, creating distinct subtypes of HDL.
methodsWe utilized sandwich ELISA to determine HDL subspecies from plasma collected in 1998/1999 from 2001 CHS (Cardiovascular Health Study) participants (mean age, 80 years).
resultsIn cross-sectional analyses, participants with higher apoA1 in plasma and lower apoE in HDL were less likely to have prevalent covert magnetic resonance imaging-defined infarcts: odds ratio for apoA1 Q4 versus Q1, 0.68 (95% CI, 0.50-0.93), and odds ratio for apoE Q4 versus Q1, 1.36 (95% CI, 1.01-1.84). Similarly, apoA1 in the subspecies of HDL that lacked apoC3, apoJ, or apoE was inversely related to covert infarcts, and apoE in the subspecies of HDL that lacked apoC3 or apoJ was directly related to covert infarcts in prospective analyses. In contrast, the concentrations of apoA1 and apoE in the complementary subspecies of HDL that contained these apos were unrelated to covert infarcts. Patterns of associations between incident overt ischemic stroke and apoA1, apoE, and apoA1 and apoE in subspecies of HDL were similar to those observed for covert infarcts but less pronounced.
conclusionsThis study highlights HDL subspecies defined by apo content as relevant biomarkers of covert and overt vascular brain injury.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.