Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34647487›Full record

ReviewArteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology2022

Lipoprotein(a): A Genetically Determined, Causal, and Prevalent Risk Factor for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.

Gissette Reyes-Soffer, Henry N Ginsberg, Lars Berglund, P Barton Duell, Sean P Heffron, Pia R Kamstrup, Donald M Lloyd-Jones, Santica M Marcovina, Calvin Yeang, Marlys L Koschinsky and 1 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06626659 (Lipoprotein), which is not on this map. Cited by 394 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
394citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
84.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06626659 completednot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

Lipoprotein (a) and Vascular Regenerative Cell Content

TypeobservationalSponsorCanadian Medical and Surgical Knowledge Translation Research GroupRan2024 to 2024Enrolled40ConditionsCardiovascular Diseases, Atherosclerosis Cardiovascular Disease, Ischemic Heart Disease, Dyslipidemia
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

394 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 647 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Guideline
  2. Pooled it
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  13. Lipoprotein(a), remote ischemic conditioning, and stroke recurrence in patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2025
    Trial
  14. Trial
  15. Review
  16. Article
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  18. Lipoprotein(a) and Incident Aortic Stenosis Over 30 Years: The ARIC Study.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2026
    Article
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  20. Article

334 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Gissette Reyes-Soffer
Henry N Ginsberg
Lars Berglund
P Barton Duell
Sean P Heffron
Pia R Kamstrup
Donald M Lloyd-Jones
Santica M Marcovina
Calvin Yeang
Marlys L Koschinsky
American Heart Association Council on Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology; Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention; and Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease
Calvin University · KRLars Research Institute · US

Funding

Training Program in Cardiovascular SciencesT32HL098129 · NHLBI · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI Glenn I Fishman, Ira J Goldberg · 2009 to 2026
$5.9M
Unraveling the Complexity of Lipoprotein(a) Metabolism: Human Kinetic StudiesR01HL139759 · NHLBI · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI Gissette Reyes-Soffer · 2018 to 2026
$3.9M
Effects of Bariatric Surgery on HDL and Platelet FunctionK23HL135398 · NHLBI · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI HEFFRON, SEAN PATRICK · 2017 to 2021
$764k
NHLBI NIH HHS K23 HL135398NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL139759NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL098129
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

High levels of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], an apoB100-containing lipoprotein, are an independent and causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases through mechanisms associated with increased atherogenesis, inflammation, and thrombosis. Lp(a) is predominantly a monogenic cardiovascular risk determinant, with ≈70% to ≥90% of interindividual heterogeneity in levels being genetically determined. The 2 major protein components of Lp(a) particles are apoB100 and apolipoprotein(a). Lp(a) remains a risk factor for cardiovascular disease development even in the setting of effective reduction of plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apoB100. Despite its demonstrated contribution to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease burden, we presently lack standardization and harmonization of assays, universal guidelines for diagnosing and providing risk assessment, and targeted treatments to lower Lp(a). There is a clinical need to understand the genetic and biological basis for variation in Lp(a) levels and its relationship to disease in different ancestry groups. This scientific statement capitalizes on the expertise of a diverse basic science and clinical workgroup to highlight the history, biology, pathophysiology, and emerging clinical evidence in the Lp(a) field. Herein, we address key knowledge gaps and future directions required to mitigate the atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk attributable to elevated Lp(a) levels.

Indexed as

American Heart AssociationAtherosclerosisBiomarkersConsensusEvidence-Based MedicineGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHeart Disease Risk FactorsHumansHypolipidemic AgentsLipoprotein(a)PrevalencePrognosisRisk AssessmentUnited StatesBiomarkersHypolipidemic AgentsLipoprotein(a)LPA protein, humanAHA Scientific Statementsapolipoprotein B100atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseasecholesterol, low-density lipoproteinlipoprotein(a)

Identifiers

PMID34647487
PMCPMC9989949
OpenAlexW3207941368

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.