ArticleDiabetologia2022
Sex differences in intraorgan fat levels and hepatic lipid metabolism: implications for cardiovascular health and remission of type 2 diabetes after dietary weight loss.
Article in Diabetologia, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Relationship of fat in the pancreas with cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2025Pooled it
- Conceptual framework and expert guidance on intrapancreatic fat deposition: the Melbourne consensus.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- The regulation of intrahepatic fatty acid partitioning within the human liver: the effect of sex.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2026Review
- MASLD, diabetes and PMOS across the female life stages.Diabetologia · 2026Review
- Global risk factors, epidemiology, and disease burden of type 2 diabetes.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Review
- Quantitative analysis of human adult pancreatic histology reveals separate fatty and fibrotic phenotypes in type 2 diabetes.Diabetologia · 2025Article
- The Pivotal Role of the Western Diet, Hyperinsulinemia, Ectopic Fat, and Diacylglycerol-Mediated Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Associations of BMI, sleep quality, and sleep duration trajectories with new-onset diabetes mellitus in the elderly.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2025Article
- The effects of gender-affirming hormone therapy on myocardial, hepatic, pancreatic lipid content, body fat distribution and other cardiometabolic risk factors: A magnetic resonance-based study in transgender individuals.Journal of clinical & translational endocrinology · 2025Article
- Article
- Sex differences in ectopic lipid deposits and cardiac function across a wide range of glycemic control: a secondary analysis.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2024Article
- The moderating effect of cardiometabolic factors on the association between hepatic and intrapancreatic fat.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2024Article
- Cardiovascular risk in diabetes mellitus: epidemiology, assessment and prevention.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2023Review
- Further investigation of the association between diabetes status and body composition and whether this association is moderated by sex.Diabetologia · 2023Article
- Sex differences in type 2 diabetes.Diabetologia · 2023Review
- Remission of type 2 diabetes: A critical appraisal.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- The Role of Beta Cell Recovery in Type 2 Diabetes Remission.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Sex differences in endocannabinoids during 3 years of Mediterranean diet intervention: Association with insulin resistance and weight loss in a population with metabolic syndrome.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Dysglycemia in young women attenuates the protective effect against fatty liver disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aims/hypothesisType 2 diabetes confers a greater relative increase in CVD risk in women compared with men. We examined sex differences in intraorgan fat and hepatic VLDL1-triacylglycerol (VLDL1-TG) export before and after major dietary weight loss.
methodsA group with type 2 diabetes (n = 64, 30 male/34 female) and a group of healthy individuals (n = 25, 13 male/12 female) were studied. Intraorgan and visceral fat were quantified by magnetic resonance and VLDL1-TG export by intralipid infusion techniques.
resultsTriacylglycerol content of the liver and pancreas was elevated in people with diabetes with no sex differences (liver 16.4% [9.3-25.0%] in women vs 11.9% [7.0-23.1%] in men, p = 0.57, and pancreas 8.3 ± 0.5% vs 8.5 ± 0.4%, p = 0.83, respectively). In the absence of diabetes, fat levels in both organs were lower in women than men (1.0% [0.9-1.7%] vs 4.5% [1.9-8.0%], p = 0.005, and 4.7 ± 0.4% vs 7.6 ± 0.5%, p< 0.0001, respectively). Women with diabetes had higher hepatic VLDL1-TG production rate and plasma VLDL1-TG than healthy women (559.3 ± 32.9 vs 403.2 ± 45.7 mg kg CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationIn type 2 diabetes, women have liver and pancreas fat levels as high as those of men, associated with raised hepatic VLDL1-TG production rates. Dynamics of triacylglycerol turnover differ between sexes in type 2 diabetes and following weight loss. These changes may contribute to the disproportionately raised cardiovascular risk of women with diabetes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.