ReviewBiomedicines2021
Strategies Targeting Type 2 Inflammation: From Monoclonal Antibodies to JAK-Inhibitors.
Review in Biomedicines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systemic epithelial-immune-neural framework for pediatric atopic dermatitis-allergic rhinitis comorbidity.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Targeting Intracellular Pathways in Atopic Dermatitis with Small Molecule Therapeutics.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- The management of type 2 inflammatory respiratory diseases: a Chinese expert consensus [2024].Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Review
- Effects of Psychological Stress on Spontaneous Itch and Mechanical Alloknesis of Atopic Dermatitis.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2024Article
- Potential Indications of Dupilumab in Th-2 Inflammatory Disease.Reviews on recent clinical trials · 2024Review
- The Comorbid Patient in the Spotlight: Efficacy of Benralizumab on Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyp Outcomes in Presence of Severe Asthma.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2023Review
- Parasitic infections related to anti-type 2 immunity monoclonal antibodies: a disproportionality analysis in the food and drug administration's adverse event reporting system (FAERS).Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Biologic drugs in the treatment of chronic inflammatory pulmonary diseases: recent developments and future perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- OR2AT4 and OR1A2 counterregulate molecular pathophysiological processes of steroid-resistant inflammatory lung diseases in human alveolar macrophages.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2022Article
- Eosinophilic Asthma, Phenotypes-Endotypes and Current Biomarkers of Choice.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Review
- Identifying key genes and functionally enriched pathways in Th2-high asthma by weighted gene co-expression network analysis.BMC medical genomics · 2022Article
- A Comparative and Comprehensive Review of Antibody Applications in the Treatment of Lung Disease.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Drug Targeting and Nanomedicine: Lessons Learned from Liver Targeting and Opportunities for Drug Innovation.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Ruxolitinib inhibits cytokine production by human lung macrophages without impairing phagocytic ability.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bronchial asthma and its frequent comorbidity chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), are characterized by an inflammatory process at lower and upper respiratory tract, with a variability in terms of clinical presentations (phenotypes) and distinct underpin pathophysiological mechanisms (endotypes). Based on the characteristics of inflammation, bronchial asthma can be distinguished into type 2 (eosinophilic) or nontype 2 (noneosinophilic) endotypes. In type 2 asthma endotype, the pathogenic mechanism is sustained by an inflammatory process driven by Th2 cells, type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) and type 2 cytokines, which include interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-9 and IL-13. The definition of asthma and chronic rhinusinusitis phenotype/endotype is crucial, taking into account the availability of novel biologic agents, such as monoclonal antibodies targeting the classical type 2 cytokines. Recently, new therapeutic strategies have been proposed and analyzed in preliminary clinical trials. Among them Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, now largely used for the treatment of other chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel diseases, is receiving great relevance. The rationale of this strategy derives from the data that JAK is a tyrosine kinase involved in the signaling of T cell receptor and of several cytokines that play a role in allergic respiratory disease, such as IL-2, IL-4 and IL-9. In this review, we discuss whether treatment with biological agents and JAK inhibitors may be equally effective in controlling type 2 inflammatory process in both asthma and CRS.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.