Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34704483›Full record

ReviewThe Journal of international medical research2021

Association between gut dysbiosis and chronic kidney disease: a narrative review of the literature.

Zhe Feng, Ting Wang, Sheng Dong, Hongli Jiang, Jianzhong Zhang, Hafiz Khuram Raza, Genping Lei

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in The Journal of international medical research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
5.2field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Gut-kidney axis: Dysbiosis and renal disease.World journal of nephrology · 2026
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Infection and immunity · 2025
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Malnutrition management in children with chronic kidney disease.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Gut Microbiota in Patients Receiving Dialysis: A Review.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Targeting the Gut Microbiota in Kidney Disease: The Future in Renal Nutrition and Metabolism.Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation · 2023
    Review
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Zhe FengDepartment of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China.
Ting WangDepartment of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China.
Sheng DongDepartment of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China.
Hongli JiangDialysis Department of Nephrology Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Jianzhong ZhangUnimed Scientific Inc., Wuxi, China.
Hafiz Khuram RazaUnimed Scientific Inc., Wuxi, China.
Genping LeiDepartment of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8046-0511
Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine · CNFirst Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious non-communicable disease that poses a significant burden on healthcare and society. It is essential to devise new strategies to better treat patients with CKD. Research has illustrated that gut dysbiosis, describing an abnormal intestinal ecology, is closely associated with CKD. In this narrative review, we summarized the evidence of their mutual relationship and discussed the potential treatment options to correct gut dysbiosis in patients with CKD. Gut dysbiosis significantly increases the risk of CKD, especially in the older population. Gut dysbiosis also plays a role in CKD complications, such as hypertension, cardiovascular events, and cognitive dysfunction. The relationship between gut dysbiosis and CKD is bidirectional, and CKD itself can lead to changes in gut microecology. The usual therapies for CKD can also increase the incidence of gut dysbiosis. Meanwhile, probiotics and antibiotics are generally used to correct gut dysbiosis. Further studies are required to elaborate the association between gut dysbiosis and CKD, and more treatment options should be explored to prevent CKD in patients with gut dysbiosis.

Indexed as

Gastrointestinal MicrobiomeHypertensionProbioticsRenal Insufficiency, ChronicDysbiosisHumansantibioticsChronic kidney diseasegut dysbiosisgut microecologyhypertensionprebioticsprobiotics

Identifiers

PMID34704483
PMCPMC8554569
OpenAlexW3209041440

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.