Evidence mapPaperPMID 34708796Full record

ArticleIndian journal of ophthalmology2021

The role of concomitant immunosuppressants in impeding the progression of diabetic retinopathy: A pilot study.

Premnath Raman, Rupal Kathare

Open access · diamondAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Indian journal of ophthalmology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 40% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Commentary: Oral management of diabetic retinopathy.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2021
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.

Premnath RamanDepartment of Ophthalmology, JSS Hospital, JSS AHER, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
Rupal KathareDepartment of Ophthalmology, JSS Hospital, JSS AHER, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
Creative Commons · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeHallmark of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is blood-retinal barrier alteration. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and inflammation are involved in the pathogenesis of DR. Anti-VEGFs and lasers are effective in treating DR but have numerous drawbacks, hence the need to develop alternative therapies that may delay the onset or progression of DR.

methodsFifteen patients were recruited in each group; the study group was on immunosuppressants for some other coexisting disease and the control group was not on them. Each subject underwent detailed history, ophthalmic examination, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and renal function tests at the time of recruitment and the end of one year. Primary outcome measure was to compare the progression of DR in diabetics on immunosuppressant versus those not on it.

resultsMedian age in the study and control group was 57 years and 60 years, respectively (P = 0.6). Median duration of diabetes was 11 and 12 years in the study and control group, respectively (P = 0.7). HbA1c for the study and control group for first visit was 7.6% and 8.0%, respectively (P = 0.26) and for second visit was 7.5% and 8.1%, respectively (P = 0.11). Hypertensives in the study and control groups were 9 and 4, respectively (P = 0.065); renal disease in the study and control groups was 4 and 2, respectively (P = 0.361). The control group showed 33.3% progression of DR, and no progression was seen in the study group (P = 0.014).

conclusionImmunosuppressants seemed to delay the onset and progression of DR in the earlier stages.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diabetic RetinopathyDisease ProgressionGlycated HemoglobinHumansImmunosuppressive AgentsMiddle AgedPilot ProjectsRisk FactorsVascular Endothelial Growth Factor AGlycated HemoglobinImmunosuppressive AgentsVascular Endothelial Growth Factor ADiabetic retinopathyimmunosuppressantsinflammation

Identifiers

PMID34708796
PMCPMC8725116
OpenAlexW3209330283

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.