ArticleBMC women's health2021
The association of parity/live birth number with incident type 2 diabetes among women: over 15 years of follow-up in The Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.
Article in BMC women's health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of Parity with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Japan.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2025Article
- Association between parity and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes: a population-based cross-sectional study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Cardiometabolic Risk Clusters and Their Reproductive Correlates: A Latent Class Analysis of Indian Women.Global heart · 2025Article
- The association between parity and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional, community-based study.BMC endocrine disorders · 2024Article
- Association of parity with the prevalence of hypertension in Japan: The Tohoku Medical Megabank Community-based cohort study.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2024Article
- Reproductive factors and cardiometabolic disease among middle-aged and older women: a nationwide study from CHARLS.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
- Parity and incident type 2 diabetes in older Chinese women: Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- The association of parity number with multimorbidity and polypharmacy among Iranian women in the Azarcohort: a cross-sectional study.BMC women's health · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundChildbearing may increase the future risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in mothers. However, the issue is not clear completely and not investigated in the Middle East, a region with a high burden of T2DM. In the current study, we examined the association of parity/live birth number with incident T2DM among Iranian women.
methodsThe study population included 2552 women aged 30-65 years recruited in 1999-2001 and were followed for incident T2DM by 3-year intervals. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were applied to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the parity/live birth number for incident T2DM. Parity number was defined as the number of live childbirth (number of live birth) plus the number of stillbirth (defined as birth of an infant that died after the 20th week of pregnancy in the uterus).
resultsDuring a median follow-up of 15.4 years, 557 incident T2DM cases have occurred. After adjustment for potential T2DM risk factors and reproductive factors, each additional parity caused a 9% higher risk for incident T2DM. Moreover, compared to women with one parity, those with 3 and ≥ 4 parity had HRs of 1.73 [95% CI: 1.06-2.83] and 2.23 [1.36-3.65], respectively. After further adjustment for body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference, although the HRs were attenuated prominently, parity ≥ 4 was associated with significantly higher risk (HR: 1.72 [1.05-2.83]); even after further adjustment for triglycerides (TG)/ high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), the risk remained marginally significant (HR: 1.64 [1.00-2.70; P value: 0.051]). For the number of live birth, the results were also similar. Moreover, in a sensitivity analysis, when we considered BMI change during follow-up as another covariate, generally, the effect sizes did not change; the trend of HRs across categories of parity number remained marginally significant (P value: 0.064).
conclusionsDuring a long-term follow-up, after adjustment for potential T2DM risk factors, reproductive factors, obesity indices, and TG/HDL-C (insulin resistance surrogate), we demonstrated that higher parity/live birth numbers could be associated with increased risk of T2DM development among Iranian women. Moreover, even after further adjustment for BMI change, the suggestive higher risk was still found.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.