Trial reportThe Journal of nutrition2021
Bile Acid Profiling Reveals Distinct Signatures in Undernourished Children with Environmental Enteric Dysfunction.
Trial report in The Journal of nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03588013 (Study of Environmental Enteropathy and Malnutrition in Pakistan), which is not on this map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Study of Environmental Enteropathy and Malnutrition in Pakistan
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- The gut microbiota in malnutrition.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Gut-brain axis: beneficial impact of Shouchella clausii spores on fructose induced dysfunction is associated with modulation of the deoxycholic acid - TGR5 pathway.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Systems biology insights into the molecular drivers of childhood stunting and implications for intervention.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Bile acid dysmetabolism in Bangladeshi infants associated with poor linear growth, enteric inflammation, and small intestine bacterial overgrowth.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Protein Malnutrition Facilitates Intestinal Colonization with Highly ResistantbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Is there dietary macronutrient malabsorption in children with environmental enteropathy?European journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Review
- The Environmental Enteric Dysfunction Biopsy Initiative (EEDBI) Consortium: mucosal investigations of environmental enteric dysfunction.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2024Article
- Article
- Gut microbiota and childhood malnutrition: Understanding the link and exploring therapeutic interventions.Engineering in life sciences · 2024Review
- A New Murine Undernutrition Model Based on Complementary Feeding of Undernourished Children Causes Damage to the Morphofunctional Intestinal Epithelium Barrier.The Journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- Small Intestine Bacterial Overgrowth is associated with increased Campylobacter and epithelial injury in duodenal biopsies of Bangladeshi children.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Effect of Gut Microbiota-Directed Complementary Food Supplementation on Fecal and Plasma Biomarkers of Gut Health and Environmental Enteric Dysfunction in Slum-Dwelling Children with Moderate Acute Malnutrition.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- NADScience translational medicine · 2024Article
- Crosstalk between Breast Milk N-Acetylneuraminic Acid and Infant Growth in a Gut Microbiota-Dependent Manner.Metabolites · 2023Article
- Essential Fatty Acid Deficiency Associates with Growth Faltering and Environmental Enteric Dysfunction in Children.Metabolites · 2023Article
- Dynamics and consequences of nutrition-related microbial dysbiosis in early life: study protocol of the VITERBI GUT project.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Stunted children display ectopic small intestinal colonization by oral bacteria, which cause lipid malabsorption in experimental models.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Serum Bile Acid Profiling and Mixed Model Analysis Reveal Biomarkers Associated with Pruritus Reduction in Maralixibat-Treated Patients with BSEP Deficiency.Metabolites · 2022Article
- Alterations of Serum Bile Acid Profile in Patients with Crohn's Disease.Gastroenterology research and practice · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIntestinal inflammation and malabsorption in environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) are associated with early childhood growth faltering in impoverished settings worldwide.
objectivesThe goal of this study was to identify candidate biomarkers associated with inflammation, EED histology, and as predictors of later growth outcomes by focusing on the liver-gut axis by investigating the bile acid metabolome.
methodsUndernourished rural Pakistani infants (n = 365) with weight-for-height Z score (WHZ) < -2 were followed up to the age of 24 mo and monitored for growth, infections, and EED. Well-nourished local children (n = 51) were controls, based on consistent WHZ > 0 and height-for-age Z score (HAZ) > -1 on 2 consecutive visits at 3 and 6 mo. Serum bile acid (sBA) profiles were measured by tandem MS at the ages of 3-6 and 9 mo and before nutritional intervention. Biopsies and duodenal aspirates were obtained following upper gastrointestinal endoscopy from a subset of children (n = 63) that responded poorly to nutritional intervention. BA composition in paired plasma and duodenal aspirates was compared based on the severity of EED histopathological scores and correlated to clinical and growth outcomes.
resultsRemarkably, >70% of undernourished Pakistani infants displayed elevated sBA concentrations consistent with subclinical cholestasis. Serum glycocholic acid (GCA) correlated with linear growth faltering (HAZ, r = -0.252 and -0.295 at the age of 3-6 and 9 mo, respectively, P <0.001) and biomarkers of inflammation. The proportion of GCA positively correlated with EED severity for both plasma (rs = 0.324 P = 0.02) and duodenal aspirates (rs = 0.307 P = 0.06) in children with refractory wasting that underwent endoscopy, and the proportion of secondary BA was low in both undernourished and EED children.
conclusionsDysregulated bile acid metabolism is associated with growth faltering and EED severity in undernourished children. Restoration of intestinal BA homeostasis may offer a novel therapeutic target for undernutrition in children with EED. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03588013.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.