Evidence mapPaperPMID 34748574Full record

ArticlePloS one2021

Trends in cardiovascular risk factors and treatment goals in patients with diabetes in Singapore-analysis of the SingHealth Diabetes Registry.

Liang Feng, Amanda Lam, David Carmody, Ching Wee Lim, Gilbert Tan, Su-Yen Goh, Yong Mong Bee, Tazeen H Jafar

Open access · goldAbstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Hypertension in Adults With Diabetes in Southeast Asia: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Article
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  8. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease landscape in Singapore.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Liang FengProgram in Health Services & Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
Amanda LamDepartment of Endocrinology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
David CarmodyDepartment of Endocrinology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
Ching Wee LimProgram in Health Services & Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
Gilbert TanSingHealth Polyclinics, Singapore, Singapore.
Su-Yen GohDepartment of Endocrinology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
Yong Mong BeeDepartment of Endocrinology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
Tazeen H JafarProgram in Health Services & Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0001-7454-8376
Singapore General Hospital · SGDuke-NUS Medical School · SGDuke Institute for Health Innovation · USSingHealth Polyclinics · SG

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAsian populations are at high risk of diabetes and related vascular complications. We examined risk factor control, preventive care, and disparities in these trends among adults with diabetes in Singapore.

methodsThe sample included 209,930 adults with diabetes aged≥18 years from a multi-institutional SingHealth Diabetes Registry between 2013 and 2019 in Singapore. We performed logistic generalized estimating equations (GEEs) regression analysis and used linear mixed effect modeling to evaluate the temporal trends.

resultsBetween 2013 and 2019, the unadjusted control rates of glycated hemoglobin (4.8%, 95%CI (4.4 to 5.1) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (11.5%, 95%CI (11.1 to 11.8)) improved, but blood pressure (BP) control worsened (systolic BP (SBP)/diastolic BP (DBP) <140/90 mmHg: -6.6%, 95%CI (-7.0 to -6.2)). These trends persisted after accounting for the demographics including age, gender, ethnicity, and housing type. The 10-year adjusted risk for coronary heart disease (CHD) (3.4%, 95% (3.3 to 3.5)) and stroke (10.4%, 95% CI (10.3 to 10.5)) increased. In 2019, the control rates of glycated hemoglobin, BP (SBP/DBP<140/90 mmHg), LDL-C, each, and all three risk factors together, accounted for 51.5%, 67.7%, 72.2%, and 24.4%, respectively.

conclusionsTrends in risk factor control improved for glycated hemoglobin and LDL-C, but worsened for BP among diabetic adults in Singapore from 2013 to 2019. Control rates for all risk factors remain inadequate.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedAsian PeopleCardiovascular DiseasesCholesterol, LDLDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Disease ManagementFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHeart Disease Risk FactorsHumansHypertensionMaleMiddle AgedRegistriesCholesterol, LDLGlycated Hemoglobin

Identifiers

PMID34748574
PMCPMC8575178
OpenAlexW3214493030

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.