ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2021
Old and New Calcineurin Inhibitors in Lupus Nephritis.
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Effect of Long-Term Voclosporin Treatment on Renal Histology in Patients With Active Lupus Nephritis With Repeat Renal Biopsies.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Trial
- Tailoring KDIGO guidelines for lupus nephritis to the real world: a stratified and cost-aware approach.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Review
- Successful Cyclosporine Salvage Therapy in Refractory Lupus Nephritis: A Case Study From Ethiopia.Current therapeutic research, clinical and experimental · 2026Article
- Can Phagocytosis, Neutrophil Extracellular Traps, and IFN-α Production in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Be Simultaneously Modulated? A Pharmacological Perspective.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Kidney adverse events associated with calcineurin inhibitors: a real-world study based on the FAERS database and network pharmacology.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Integrative Proteome- and Phenome-Wide Assessment Uncovers Causal Protein Drivers and Drug Targets for Heterogeneous Kidney Diseases.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Protein phosphatases in systemic autoimmunity.Immunometabolism (Cobham, Surrey) · 2025Review
- Long-term renal and cardiovascular risks of tacrolimus in patients with lupus nephritis.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2024Observational
- Cytoskeleton Rearrangement in Podocytopathies: An Update.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Lupus nephritis: management challenges during pregnancy.Frontiers in nephrology · 2024Review
- Review
- Pancreatic β-cell mitophagy as an adaptive response to metabolic stress and the underlying mechanism that involves lysosomal CaExperimental & molecular medicine · 2023Review
- Dry eye disease and risk factors for corneal complications in chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Targeting protein phosphatases in cancer immunotherapy and autoimmune disorders.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2023Review
- Role of topical and systemic immunosuppression in aqueous-deficient dry eye disease.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2023Review
- Synthetic Pharmacotherapy for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Potential Mechanisms of Action, Efficacy, and Safety.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Review
- Non-Immunologic Causes of Late Death-Censored Kidney Graft Failure: A Personalized Approach.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Review
- Lupus Nephritis: Improving Treatment Options.Drugs · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) are drugs that inhibit calcineurin, a key phosphatase that dephosphorylates a transcription factor called the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT), allowing its translocation into the nucleus of quiescent T cells. In the nucleus, NFAT activates interleukin 2, which stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of T-cells. CNIs can also stabilize the actin cytoskeleton of podocytes reducing proteinuria. Thanks to these characteristics, CNIs have been often used in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. However, the therapeutic index of CNIs is narrow, and their interactions with other drugs can increase toxicity or reduce efficacy. In lupus nephritis, cyclosporine and tacrolimus have been used both in induction and maintenance therapies. Observational studies and randomized controlled trials showed that both cyclosporine and tacrolimus can increase efficacy. Tolerance is satisfactory if low doses are used and the patient is carefully monitored. More recently, a new CNI, called voclosporin (VCS), has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use in lupus nephritis. VCS offers potential advantages over other CNIs. In two large multiethnic trials, VCS was not associated with adverse renal and metabolic events and obtained positive results despite a novel and rapid corticosteroid tapering regime.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.