ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
TAAR1 Expression in Human Macrophages and Brain Tissue: A Potential Novel Facet of MS Neuroinflammation.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- TAAR1 deficiency impairs mitochondrial dynamics and synaptic integrity in the medial prefrontal cortex and associated cognition in mice.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Role of Glial Trace Amine Associated Receptor 1 (TAAR1) and Microbiota in Schizophrenia.Neurochemical research · 2025Review
- Protective Effect of Selegiline (R-deprenyl) in Aminoglycoside-Induced Hearing Loss.Neurochemical research · 2025Article
- Modulating autism spectrum disorder pathophysiology using a trace amine-focused approach: targeting the gut.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Review
- Trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1): an emerging therapeutic target for neurodegenerative, neurodevelopmental, and neurotraumatic disorders.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- TAAR9 knockout increases hippocampal serotonin and alters grooming behavior in rats.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Article
- Trace Amine-Associated Receptors' Role in Immune System Functions.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Article
- Up-regulation of the Trace Amine Receptor, TAAR-1, in the Prefrontal Cortex of Individuals Affected by Schizophrenia.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2024Article
- Fasudil-modified macrophages reduce inflammation and regulate the immune response in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.Neural regeneration research · 2024Article
- Article
- Robust aversive effects of trace amine-associated receptor 1 activation in mice.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2023Article
- T1AM/TAAR1 System Reduces Inflammatory Response and β-Amyloid Toxicity in Human Microglial HMC3 Cell Line.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Increased Metabolic Potential, Efficacy, and Safety of Emerging Treatments in Schizophrenia.CNS drugs · 2023Review
- Nongenomic roles of thyroid hormones and their derivatives in adult brain: are these compounds putative neurotransmitters?Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Evaluation of Approach to a Conspecific and Blood Biochemical Parameters in TAAR1 Knockout Mice.Brain sciences · 2022Article
- Modelling ofFrontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Platelets, Thromboinflammation and Neurovascular Disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
TAAR1 is a neuroregulator with emerging evidence suggesting a role in immunomodulation. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Here, we investigate TAAR1 expression in human primary monocytes, peripherally-derived macrophages, and MS brain tissue. RT-qPCR was used to assess TAAR1 levels in MS monocytes. Using a previously validated anti-human TAAR1 antibody and fluorescence microscopy, TAAR1 protein was visualized in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated or basal human macrophages, as well as macrophage/microglia populations surrounding, bordering, and within a mixed active/inactive MS lesion. In vivo, TAAR1 mRNA expression was significantly lower in MS monocytes compared to age- and sex-matched healthy controls. In vitro, TAAR1 protein showed a predominant nuclear localization in quiescent/control macrophages with a shift to a diffuse intracellular distribution following lipopolysaccharide-induced activation. In brain tissue, TAAR1 protein was predominantly expressed in macrophages/microglia within the border region of mixed active/inactive MS lesions. Considering that TAAR1-mediated anti-inflammatory effects have been previously reported, decreased mRNA in MS patients suggests possible pathophysiologic relevance. A shift in TAAR1 localization following pro-inflammatory activation suggests its function is altered in pro-inflammatory states, while TAAR1-expressing macrophages/microglia bordering an MS lesion supports TAAR1 as a novel pharmacological target in cells directly implicated in MS neuroinflammation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.