ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
FLLL32 Triggers Caspase-Mediated Apoptotic Cell Death in Human Oral Cancer Cells by Regulating the p38 Pathway.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Novel curcumin formulations for the therapy of oral cancer: a comprehensive review of mechanisms, delivery systems, and translational prospects.The Saudi dental journal · 2026Review
- Curcumin and Its Derivatives as Anticancer Agents in Head and Neck Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Preclinical Evidence.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- β, β-Dimethylacrylshikonin Triggers Caspase-Mediated Cell Apoptosis via Heme Oxygenase-1 Upregulation and ERK/p38 Activation in Prostate Cancer.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Article
- THC and CBD Induce Heme Oxygenase-1-Dependent Cell Death and Trigger Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Human Melanoma and Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Curcumin and its Analogues in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: State-of-the-art and Therapeutic Potential.Anti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Curcumin: A Potential Weapon in the Prevention and Treatment of Head and Neck Cancer.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2024Review
- The anticancer potential of tetrahydrocurcumin-phytosomes against oral carcinoma progression.BMC oral health · 2024Article
- A Thia-Analogous IndirubinCells · 2023Article
- Apoptotic effect and cell arrest of deoxyshikonin in human osteosarcoma cells through the p38 pathway.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2023Article
- Hispolon induces apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells through JNK/HO-1 pathway activation.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2023Article
- CLEFMA induces intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways through ERK1/2 and p38 signalling in uterine cervical cancer cells.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2023Article
- Quercetin Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in YD10B and YD38 Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2023Article
- CLEFMA Induces the Apoptosis of Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells through the Regulation of the P38/HO-1 Signalling Pathway.Cancers · 2022Article
- Hemoxygenase-1 Promotes Head and Neck Cancer Cell Viability.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Deoxyshikonin Mediates Heme Oxygenase-1 Induction and Apoptotic Response via p38 Signaling in Tongue Cancer Cell Lines.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Curcumin analog HO-3867 triggers apoptotic pathways through activating JNK1/2 signalling in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2022Article
- Transgelin-2 Involves in the Apoptosis of Colorectal Cancer Cells Induced by Tanshinone-IIA.Analytical cellular pathology (Amsterdam) · 2022Article
- Curcuminoids as Modulators of EMT in Invasive Cancers: A Review of Molecular Targets With the Contribution of Malignant Mesothelioma Studies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Oral cancer is the most common oral malignant tumor in Taiwan. Although there exist several methods for treatment, oral cancer still has a poor prognosis and high recurrence. FLLL32, a synthetic analog of curcumin with antitumor activity, is currently known to induce melanoma apoptosis and inhibit tumor growth in various cancers. However, few studies have examined the mechanisms of FLLL32 in oral cancer. In this study, we explore whether FLLL32 induces apoptosis in oral cancer. We determined that FLLL32 can inhibit the cell viability of oral cancer. Next, we analyzed the effect of FLLL32 on the cell cycle of oral cancer cells and observed that the proportion of cells in the G2/M phase was increased. Additionally, annexin-V/PI double staining revealed that FLLL32 induced apoptosis in oral cancer cells. Data from the Human Apoptosis Array revealed that FLLL32 increases the expression of cleaved caspase-3 and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). FLLL32 activates proteins such as caspase-8, caspase-9, caspase-3, PARP, and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in apoptosis-related molecular mechanisms. Moreover, by using MAPK inhibitors, we suggest that FLLL32 induces the apoptosis of oral cancer cells through the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. In conclusion, our findings suggest that FLLL32 is a potential therapeutic agent for oral cancer by inducing caspase-dependent apoptosis and HO-1 activation through the p38 pathway. We believe that the activation of HO-1 and the p38 pathway by FLLL32 represent potential targets for further research in oral cancer.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.