ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2021
Proteomic Phenotyping of Stimulated Müller Cells Uncovers Profound Pro-Inflammatory Signaling and Antigen-Presenting Capacity.
Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond hyperglycaemia: diabetic retinopathy is a multifactorial complication of diabetes mellitus.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- IL-1β-mediated interaction between Müller cells and microglia through CXCL1/5-CXCR2 aggravates visual dysfunction in experimental glaucoma.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Molecular stress and neurovascular injury in the diabetic retina.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- IL-8 receptor signaling as a novel target for angiogenic retinopathies.Angiogenesis · 2025Article
- Nrf2 Deficiency in Müller Cells Exacerbates Pathological Neovascularization in Ischemic Retinopathy.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2025Article
- Tear fluid participates in systemic immunity.Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2025Review
- Early-stage diabetic retinopathy: gut-metabolic triggers, immune-neurodegeneration, and interventions.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025Review
- Article
- Differential Expression of ARG1 and MRC2 in Retinal Müller Glial Cells During Autoimmune Uveitis.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Interferons andFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Induction, amplification, and propagation of diabetic retinopathy-associated inflammatory cytokines between human retinal microvascular endothelial and Müller cells and in the mouse retina.Cellular signalling · 2024Article
- Candidate SNP Markers Significantly Altering the Affinity of the TATA-Binding Protein for the Promoters of Human Genes Associated with Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Photoreceptor regeneration occurs normally in microglia-deficient irf8 mutant zebrafish following acute retinal damage.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The glucocorticoid receptor as a master regulator of the Müller cell response to diabetic conditions in mice.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Molecular mechanisms underlying inherited photoreceptor degeneration as targets for therapeutic intervention.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Review
- NMOSD IgG Impact Retinal Cells in Murine Retinal Explants.Current issues in molecular biology · 2023Article
- Different responses of the MIO‑M1 Mueller cell line to angiotensin II under hyperglycemic or hypoxic conditions.Biomedical reports · 2023Article
- Human retinal secretome: A cross-link between mesenchymal and retinal cells.World journal of stem cells · 2023Review
- Translatomic response of retinal Müller glia to acute and chronic stress.Neurobiology of disease · 2022Article
- Biochemical mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy and other diabetic complications in humans: the methanol-formaldehyde-formic acid hypothesis.Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Müller cells are the main macroglial cells of the retina exerting a wealth of functions to maintain retinal homoeostasis. Upon pathological changes in the retina, they become gliotic with both protective and detrimental consequences. Accumulating data also provide evidence for a pivotal role of Müller cells in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). While microglial cells, the resident immune cells of the retina are considered as main players in inflammatory processes associated with DR, the implication of activated Müller cells in chronic retinal inflammation remains to be elucidated. In order to assess the signaling capacity of Müller cells and their role in retinal inflammation, we performed in-depth proteomic analysis of Müller cell proteomes and secretomes after stimulation with INFγ, TNFα, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, VEGF, TGFβ1, TGFβ2 and TGFβ3. We used both, primary porcine Müller cells and the human Müller cell line MIO-M1 for our hypothesis generating approach. Our results point towards an intense signaling capacity of Müller cells, which reacted in a highly discriminating manner upon treatment with different cytokines. Stimulation of Müller cells resulted in a primarily pro-inflammatory phenotype with secretion of cytokines and components of the complement system. Furthermore, we observed evidence for mitochondrial dysfunction, implying oxidative stress after treatment with the various cytokines. Finally, both MIO-M1 cells and primary porcine Müller cells showed several characteristics of atypical antigen-presenting cells, as they are capable of inducing MHC class I and MHC class II with co-stimulatory molecules. In line with this, they express proteins associated with formation and maturation of phagosomes. Thus, our findings underline the importance of Müller cell signaling in the inflamed retina, indicating an active role in chronic retinal inflammation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.