Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34788626›Full record

ArticleCell reports2021

Genomic and molecular features distinguish young adult cancer from later-onset cancer.

William Lee, Zishan Wang, Miriam Saffern, Tomi Jun, Kuan-Lin Huang

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed
5.5field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Molecular Profiling of Olfactory Neuroblastoma Using the AACR Project GENIE Database.Journal of neurological surgery. Part B, Skull base · 2026
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  3. Multi-omics profiling revealsTranslational lung cancer research · 2026
    Article
  4. Ageing, immune fitness and cancer.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2025
    Review
  5. Article
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  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Early Onset Colorectal Cancer: Molecular Underpinnings Accelerating Occurrence.Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology · 2025
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

William LeeDepartment of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Zishan WangDepartment of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Miriam SaffernPrecision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Tomi JunDivision of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Kuan-Lin HuangDepartment of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. Electronic address: kuan-lin.huang@mssm.edu.
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai · US

Funding

Integrative Approaches for Identifying Causal Gene-Cell Type Pairs of Complex DiseaseR35GM138113 · NIGMS · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI Kuan-lin Huang · 2020 to 2026
$3.0M
NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM138113
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Young adult cancer has increased in incidence worldwide, but its molecular etiologies remain unclear. We systematically characterize genomic profiles of young adult tumors with ages of onset ≤50 years and compare them to later-onset tumors using over 6,000 cases across 14 cancer types. While young adult tumors generally show lower mutation burdens and comparable copy-number variation rates compared to later-onset cases, they are enriched for multiple driver mutations and copy-number alterations in subtype-specific contexts. Characterization of tumor immune microenvironments reveals pan-cancer patterns of elevated TGF-β response/dendritic cells and lower IFN-γ response/macrophages relative to later-onset tumors, corresponding to age-related responses to immunotherapy in several cancer types. Finally, we identify prevalent clinically actionable events that disproportionally affect young adult or later-onset cases. The resulting catalog of age-related molecular drivers can guide precision diagnostics and treatments for young adult cancer.

Indexed as

Age FactorsAdultAgedDatabases, GeneticDNA Copy Number VariationsDNA MethylationEpigenesis, GeneticGene ExpressionGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticGenomicsHumansImmunotherapyMiddle AgedMutationNeoplasmsTumor Microenvironmentclinical actionabilitycopy-number variationDNA methylationearly-onset cancergene expressiongene fusionmetabolic dysregulationsomatic mutationtumor immune microenvironmentyoung adult cancer

Identifiers

PMID34788626
PMCPMC8631509
OpenAlexW3212817206

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.