Trial reportThe journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences2022
Eight-Year Changes in Multimorbidity and Frailty in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Associations With Cognitive and Physical Function and Mortality.
Trial report in The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00017953 (Look AHEAD), which is not on this map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Look AHEAD: Action for Health in Diabetes
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Relative impact of multidomain lifestyle interventions on deficit accumulation frailty over 24 months in the U.S. POINTER trial.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026Trial
- Caloric restriction and time-restricted eating in older adults with overweight or obesity: The Health, Aging, and Later-Life Outcomes Pilot Study.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026Trial
- Late-life disability following the action for health in diabetes (Look AHEAD) trial.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026Trial
- Associations Between Deficit Accumulation Frailty and Baseline Markers of Lifestyle in the U.S. POINTER Trial.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2025Trial
- Long-term Impact of a 10-Year Intensive Lifestyle Intervention on a Deficit Accumulation Frailty Index: Action for Health in Diabetes Trial.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2023Trial
- Correlation of frailty assessment metrics in one-year follow-up of aged care residents: a sub-study of a randomised controlled trial.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Multimorbidity and Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Shanghai: The Mediating Role of Sleep Quality.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- Identification of Frailty Subtypes in African American Adults With and Without Type 2 Diabetes: A Latent Class Analysis From the Jackson Heart Study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Observational
- Clinical evidence of exercise intervention in improving adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and frailty: a narrative literature review.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Review
- Practical Considerations in the Management of Frail Older People with Diabetes.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Multimorbidity Management: A Scoping Review of Interventions and Health Outcomes.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Multiple long-term conditions as the next transition in the global diabetes epidemic.Communications medicine · 2025Review
- Development and validation of nomogram for predicting cognitive frailty with multimorbidity: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Review
- Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations among healthcare costs and deficit accumulation.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2024Article
- Impact of frailty on mortality, hospitalization, cardiovascular events, and complications in patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2024Article
- Article
- Multimorbidity, healthy lifestyle, and the risk of cognitive impairment in Chinese older adults: a longitudinal cohort study.BMC public health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIndices of multimorbidity and deficit accumulation (ie, frailty indices) have been proposed as markers of biological aging. If true, changes in these indices over time should predict downstream changes in cognition and physical function, and mortality.
methodsWe examined associations that 8-year changes in (i) a multimorbidity index comprised of 9 chronic diseases and (ii) a frailty index (FI) based on deficit accumulation in functional, behavioral, and clinical characteristics had with subsequent measures of cognitive and physical function over 10 years. We drew data from 3 842 participants in the Action for Health in Diabetes clinical trial. They were aged 45-76 years at baseline and at risk for accelerated biological aging due to overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
resultsA total of 1 501 (39%) of the cohort had 8-year increases of 1 among the 9 diseases tracked in the multimorbidity index and 868 (23%) had increases of ≥2. Those with greatest increases in multimorbidity tended to be older individuals, males, and non-Hispanic Whites. Greater FI increases tended to occur among individuals who were older, non-Hispanic White, heavier, and who had more baseline morbidities. Changes in multimorbidity and FI were moderately correlated (r = 0.26; p < .001). Increases in both multimorbidity and FI were associated with subsequently poorer composite cognitive function and 400-m walk speed and increased risk for death (all p < .001).
conclusionsAccelerated biological aging, as captured by multimorbidity and frailty indices, predicts subsequent reduced function and mortality. Whether intensive lifestyle interventions generally targeting multimorbidity and FI reduce risks for downstream outcomes remains to be seen. Clinical Trials Registration Number: NCT00017953.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.