Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34807905›Full record

ArticlePLoS computational biology2021

Hybrid dedicated and distributed coding in PMd/M1 provides separation and interaction of bilateral arm signals.

Tanner C Dixon, Christina M Merrick, Joni D Wallis, Richard B Ivry, Jose M Carmena

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PLoS computational biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Time-dependent facilitation of homologous actions.Experimental brain research · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Tanner C DixonUC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0003-3151-3362
Christina M MerrickDepartment of Psychology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0003-4966-9138
Joni D WallisUC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America.
Richard B IvryUC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0003-4728-5130
Jose M CarmenaUC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America.

Funding

Frontostriatal Rhythms Underlying Reinforcement Learning.R01MH117763 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI WALLIS, JONI D · 2018 to 2022
$2.3M
The Role of Ipsilateral Cortical Control of the Upper Limb in Monkey and ManR01NS097480 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI CARMENA, JOSE MIGUEL · 2017 to 2020
$1.5M
NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH117763NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS097480
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pronounced activity is observed in both hemispheres of the motor cortex during preparation and execution of unimanual movements. The organizational principles of bi-hemispheric signals and the functions they serve throughout motor planning remain unclear. Using an instructed-delay reaching task in monkeys, we identified two components in population responses spanning PMd and M1. A "dedicated" component, which segregated activity at the level of individual units, emerged in PMd during preparation. It was most prominent following movement when M1 became strongly engaged, and principally involved the contralateral hemisphere. In contrast to recent reports, these dedicated signals solely accounted for divergence of arm-specific neural subspaces. The other "distributed" component mixed signals for each arm within units, and the subspace containing it did not discriminate between arms at any stage. The statistics of the population response suggest two functional aspects of the cortical network: one that spans both hemispheres for supporting preparatory and ongoing processes, and another that is predominantly housed in the contralateral hemisphere and specifies unilateral output.

Indexed as

AnimalsArmMacaca mulattaMotor CortexPsychomotor Performance

Identifiers

PMID34807905
PMCPMC8648118

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.