ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2021
Beta-Sitosterol Promotes Milk Protein and Fat Syntheses-Related Genes in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells.
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary supplementation of phytosterols improves meat quality by increasing intramuscular fat, improving fatty acid composition and enhancing antioxidant capacity in Hu lambs.Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui) · 2026Article
- Genome-Wide Association Studies of Milk Composition Traits in Holstein Cattle Raised in Tropical and Subtropical Conditions.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Regulation of Milk Fat Synthesis: Key Genes and Microbial Functions.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Research Progress on the Mechanism of Milk Fat Synthesis in Cows and the Effect of Conjugated Linoleic Acid on Milk Fat Metabolism and Its Underlying Mechanism: A Review.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Review
- miR-380-3p promotes β-casein expression by targeting αS1-casein in goat mammary epithelial cells.Animal bioscience · 2023Article
- β-Sitosterol Suppresses Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation and Lipogenesis Disorder in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Enhancing Milk Production by Nutrient Supplements: Strategies and Regulatory Pathways.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Review
- Genetics, environmental stress, and amino acid supplementation affect lactational performance via mTOR signaling pathway in bovine mammary epithelial cells.Frontiers in genetics · 2023Review
- Article
- Matrix stiffness regulates lipid nanoparticle-mRNA delivery in cell-laden hydrogels.Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine · 2022Article
- Functional sterol improves breast milk quality by modulating the gut microbiota: A proposed opinion for breastfeeding mothers.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
β-sitosterol, a phytosterol with multiple biological activities, has been used in the pharmaceutical industry. However, there are only a few reports on the use of β-sitosterol in improving milk synthesis in dairy cows. This study aimed to investigate the effects of β-sitosterol on milk fat and protein syntheses in bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T) and its regulatory mechanism. MAC-T cells were treated with different concentrations (0.01, 0.1, 1, 5, 10, 20, 30, or 40 μM) of β-sitosterol, and the expression levels of milk protein and fat synthesis-related genes and proteins were analyzed. β-sitosterol at 0.1, 1, and 10 μM concentrations promoted the mRNA and protein expression of β-casein. β-sitosterol (0.1, 1, 10 μM) increased the mRNA and protein expression levels of signal transducer activator of transcription 5 (STAT5), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 (S6K1) of the JAK2/STAT5 and mTOR signaling pathways. It also stimulated the milk fat synthesis-related factors, including sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), and stearyl CoA desaturase (SCD). β-sitosterol (0.1, 1, 10 μM) also significantly increased the expression of growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 (GH/IGF-1) axis and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)-related genes. Notably, the compound inhibited the expression of the negative regulator, the suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2) at the two lower concentrations (0.1, 1 μM), but significantly promoted the expression at the highest concentration (30 μM). These results highlight the role of β-sitosterol at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 10 μM in improving milk protein and fat syntheses, regulating milk quality. Therefore, β-sitosterol can be used as a potential feed additive to improve milk quality in dairy cows.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.