ReviewAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Are Antioxidants Useful in Preventing the Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease?
Review in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring the Role of Phenolic Compounds in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of uric acid reduction on chronic kidney disease. Systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Antioxidants for adults with chronic kidney disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Chemistry and Functionality of Health-Promoting Bioactive Compounds: An Overview.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A kidney-protective mechanism via cellular oxidative stress reduction induced by CD5L protein.Cell death discovery · 2026Article
- Article
- Oxidative Stress and Nutritional Antioxidants in Renal Diseases: A Narrative Review.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Functional and Therapeutic Roles of Plant-Derived Antioxidants in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Mechanisms, Challenges, and Considerations for Special Populations.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The effectiveness of antioxidant agents in delaying progression of diabetic nephropathy: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials.BioImpacts : BI · 2025Review
- Supplementation of Antioxidants in Chronic Kidney Disease: Clinical Necessity or Wishful Thinking? A Bench to Bedside Translational Research.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Prevention of Chronic Kidney Disease and Its Complications in Older Adults.Drugs & aging · 2024Review
- Renoprotective effects of extracellular fibroblast specific protein 1 via nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-mediated antioxidant activity.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Pharmacological Nephroprotection in Non-Diabetic Chronic Kidney Disease-Clinical Practice Position Statement of the Polish Society of Nephrology.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Diabetic Nephropathy: Significance of Determining Oxidative Stress and Opportunities for Antioxidant Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Oxidative Stress in End-Stage Renal Disease: Pathophysiology and Potential Interventions.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive impairment of renal function for more than three months that affects 15% of the adult population. Because oxidative stress is involved in its pathogenesis, antioxidants are under study for the prophylaxis of CKD progression. The objective of this work was to meta-analyze the efficacy of antioxidant therapy in CKD patients and to identify the most effective candidate antioxidants. Our meta-analysis showed that, despite being quite heterogeneous, overall antioxidant therapy apparently reduced CKD progression. Pentoxifylline and bardoxolone methyl demonstrated a robust and statistically significant protection, while other products showed a favorable but non-significant tendency, due to a high interindividual variability. Off-target (i.e., antioxidant-independent) effects, such as body weight reduction and heart failure-associated blood dilution, might totally or partially explain the protection provided by effective antioxidants. This potential pleiotropy introduces uncertainty on the role of oxidative stress in CKD progression and on antioxidant therapy in its prevention, which needs to be further investigated. Independently, identification of factors determining the nephroprotective effect of each candidate on each patient is thus necessary for a prospectively personalized antioxidant therapy. Finally, pentoxifylline should be further explored for the prophylaxis of CKD progression.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.