Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34831111›Full record

ReviewCells2021

DNA Methylation and Schizophrenia: Current Literature and Future Perspective.

Thabo Magwai, Khanyiso Bright Shangase, Fredrick Otieno Oginga, Bonginkosi Chiliza, Thabisile Mpofana, Khethelo Richman Xulu

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cells, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
5.7field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Understanding Psychotic Depression.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026
    Review
  3. Review
  4. A comprehensive guide to genomeZhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2025
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Effects of positive mGlu5 modulation on DJournal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2025
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Identification of mBMC medical genomics · 2023
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Thabo MagwaiDepartment of Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0002-9214-2035
Khanyiso Bright ShangaseDepartment of Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa.
Fredrick Otieno OgingaDepartment of Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa.
Bonginkosi ChilizaDepartment of Psychiatry, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa.
Thabisile MpofanaDepartment of Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0002-3530-5731
Khethelo Richman XuluDepartment of Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0003-3033-3466
University of KwaZulu-Natal · ZANational Health Laboratory Service · ZA

Funding

Developing Research Innovation, Localization and Leadership in South Africa (DRILL)D43TW010131 · FIC · UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU-NATAL · PI BRYSIEWICZ, PETRA, MOSHABELA, MOSA · 2015 to 2019
$3.2M
FIC NIH HHS D43 TW010131
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Schizophrenia is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by dissociation of thoughts, idea, identity, and emotions. It has no central pathophysiological mechanism and precise diagnostic markers. Despite its high heritability, there are also environmental factors implicated in the development of schizophrenia. Epigenetic factors are thought to mediate the effects of environmental factors in the development of the disorder. Epigenetic modifications like DNA methylation are a risk factor for schizophrenia. Targeted gene approach studies attempted to find candidate gene methylation, but the results are contradictory. Genome-wide methylation studies are insufficient in literature and the available data do not cover different populations like the African populations. The current genome-wide studies have limitations related to the sample and methods used. Studies are required to control for these limitations. Integration of DNA methylation, gene expression, and their effects are important in the understanding of the development of schizophrenia and search for biomarkers. There are currently no precise and functional biomarkers for the disorder. Several epigenetic markers have been reported to be common in functional and peripheral tissue. This makes the peripheral tissue epigenetic changes a surrogate of functional tissue, suggesting common epigenetic alteration can be used as biomarkers of schizophrenia in peripheral tissue.

Indexed as

BiomarkersDNA MethylationEpigenesis, GeneticGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansPrecision MedicineSchizophreniaBiomarkersbiomarkersDNA methylationepigeneticsschizophrenia

Identifiers

PMID34831111
PMCPMC8616184
OpenAlexW3209429998

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.