Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34831439›Full record

ReviewCells2021

Signaling through the S1P-S1PR Axis in the Gut, the Immune and the Central Nervous System in Multiple Sclerosis: Implication for Pathogenesis and Treatment.

Simela Chatzikonstantinou, Vasiliki Poulidou, Marianthi Arnaoutoglou, Dimitrios Kazis, Ioannis Heliopoulos, Nikolaos Grigoriadis, Marina Boziki

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cells, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed.

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  8. Sphingolipid Metabolism in the Pathogenesis of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Simela Chatzikonstantinou3rd Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, "G.Papanikolaou" Hospital, Leoforos Papanikolaou, Exohi, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Vasiliki Poulidou1st Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, 1, Stilp Kyriakidi st., 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Marianthi Arnaoutoglou1st Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, 1, Stilp Kyriakidi st., 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Dimitrios Kazis3rd Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, "G.Papanikolaou" Hospital, Leoforos Papanikolaou, Exohi, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Ioannis HeliopoulosDepartment of Neurology, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupoli, Greece.
Nikolaos GrigoriadisMultiple Sclerosis Center, Laboratory of Experimental Neurology and Neuroimmunology, 2nd Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, 1, Stilp Kyriakidi st., 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Marina BozikiMultiple Sclerosis Center, Laboratory of Experimental Neurology and Neuroimmunology, 2nd Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, 1, Stilp Kyriakidi st., 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-6601-5163

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a signaling molecule with complex biological functions that are exerted through the activation of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors 1-5 (S1PR1-5). S1PR expression is necessary for cell proliferation, angiogenesis, neurogenesis and, importantly, for the egress of lymphocytes from secondary lymphoid organs. Since the inflammatory process is a key element of immune-mediated diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS), S1PR modulators are currently used to ameliorate systemic immune responses. The ubiquitous expression of S1PRs by immune, intestinal and neural cells has significant implications for the regulation of the gut-brain axis. The dysfunction of this bidirectional communication system may be a significant factor contributing to MS pathogenesis, since an impaired intestinal barrier could lead to interaction between immune cells and microbiota with a potential to initiate abnormal local and systemic immune responses towards the central nervous system (CNS). It appears that the secondary mechanisms of S1PR modulators affecting the gut immune system, the intestinal barrier and directly the CNS, are coordinated to promote therapeutic effects. The scope of this review is to focus on S1P-S1PR functions in the cells of the CNS, the gut and the immune system with particular emphasis on the immunologic effects of S1PR modulation and its implication in MS.

Indexed as

Signal TransductionAnimalsBrain-Gut AxisCentral Nervous SystemHumansImmune SystemLysophospholipidsMultiple SclerosisSphingosineSphingosine-1-Phosphate ReceptorsLysophospholipidsSphingosinesphingosine 1-phosphateSphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptorsfingolimodgut–brain axisgut microbiotamultiple sclerosissphingosine 1-phoshatesphingosine 1-phosphate receptors

Identifiers

PMID34831439
PMCPMC8626013

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.