ArticleNutrients2021
Insufficient Vitamin C Levels among Adults in the United States: Results from the NHANES Surveys, 2003-2006.
Article in Nutrients, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Community Prevalence of Vitamin C Deficiency and Inadequacy-How Does Australia Compare With Other Nations? A Scoping Review.Health science reports · 2025Review
- Micronutrient-deficient diets and possible environmental enteric dysfunction in Buruli ulcer endemic communities in Ghana: Lower dietary diversity and reduced serum zinc and vitamin C implicate micronutrient status a possible susceptibility factor.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Scurvy as a Cause of Leg Pain and Limp in Pediatric and Adolescent Patients.Journal of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America · 2025Review
- Forgotten Deficiency: A Case Series Highlighting Atypical Presentations of Scurvy in the 21st Century.Case reports in medicine · 2025Article
- The relationship between serum vitamin C levels and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in children.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Nutritional Strategies for Chronic Craniofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Disorders: Current Clinical and Preclinical Insights.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Malnutrition and Allergies: Tipping the Immune Balance towards Health.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Association between serum vitamin C and body mass index in adolescents aged 12-19 years.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Predicting hypovitaminosis C with LASSO algorithm in adult critically ill patients in surgical intensive care units: a bi-center prospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Vitamin C Urinary Loss and Deficiency in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): Cross-sectional Study of Vitamin C Renal Leak in Women With HIV.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
- Article
- Vitamin C Urinary Loss in Fabry Disease: Clinical and Genomic Characteristics of Vitamin C Renal Leak.The Journal of nutrition · 2023Article
- Vitamin C Status of US Adults Assessed as Part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Remained Unchanged between 2003-2006 and 2017-2018.The journal of applied laboratory medicine · 2023Article
- Does Aging Have an Impact on Vitamin C Status and Requirements? A Scoping Review of Comparative Studies of Aging and Institutionalisation.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Subclinical Vitamin C Plasma Levels Associated with Increased Risk of CAD Diagnosis via Inflammation: Results from the NHANES 2003-2006 Surveys.Nutrients · 2023Article
- The cross-sectional relationship between vitamin C and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels: insights from NHANES database.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Low levels of serum vitamin C in children with limb fractures: a case-control study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
- Vitamin C - a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023.Food & nutrition research · 2023Article
- Vitamin C Deficiency in Blood Samples of COVID-19 Patients.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Vitamin C Plasma Levels Associated with Inflammatory Biomarkers, CRP and RDW: Results from the NHANES 2003-2006 Surveys.Nutrients · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vitamin C, well-established in immune function and a key factor in epigenetic inflammatory modifications, is only obtained through consistent dietary intake. Identifying individuals at risk for Vitamin C insufficiency may guide prevention and treatment, however, national surveillance has not been evaluated in the United States since 2006. A descriptive, cross-sectional secondary analysis was performed utilizing data from the 2003-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) assessing non-institutionalized adults. Five categories of plasma Vitamin C were delineated: deficiency (<11 μmol/L), hypovitaminosis (11-23 μmol/L), inadequate (23-49 μmol/L), adequate (50-69 μmol/L), and saturating (≥70 μmol/L). Results indicated 41.8% of the population possessed insufficient levels (deficiency, hypovitaminosis, and inadequate) of Vitamin C. Males, adults aged 20-59, Black and Mexican Americans, smokers, individuals with increased BMI, middle and high poverty to income ratio and food insecurity were significantly associated with insufficient Vitamin C plasma levels. Plasma Vitamin C levels reveal a large proportion of the population still at risk for inflammatory driven disease with little to no symptoms of Vitamin C hypovitaminosis. Recognition and regulation of the health impact of Vitamin C support the goal of Nutrition and Healthy Eating as part of the Healthy People 2030.
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